This paper talks about the appearance of the new Cold War in the 21st century and is mainly focused on the conflicts that have taken place on the territories of the former Union of the Soviet Socialist Republics. The term „Cold War“ has depicted the 20th century and has divided the world via „the Iron Curtain“ into two blocks. The Eastern Block has been led by the Soviet Union, while the Western Block, has been led by the United States. During this period there has been a great ideological fight between communism and capitalism. Some of the examples of such fights have been depicted by the interventionalist politics of the United States in Latin and South America during the Cold War. During the Cold War period there were efforts made by both sides in terms of establishing the balance through the creations of the NATO Alliance and the Warsaw Pact, and by signings of the international treaties on arms control. With the fall of the Soviet Union, the United States lost its main opponent, but not for long. In the Russian Federation, which was created after the fall of the Soviet Union, twelve years after the end of the Cold War, President Vladimir Putin came into power, and he has, ever since, been focused on changing the end results of the Cold War. By enforcing and leading interventionalist foreign policies driven by doctrines from the Cold War, the new Cold War of the 21st century has begun in the territories of the states that formally formed the Soviet Union.