| Abstract | Predmet rada Važnost širokopojasnog pristupa internetu i uvođenje brzina od 100 Mbit/s u Republici Hrvatskoj za razvoj jedinstvenog digitalnog tržišta unutar Europske Unije je važnost širokopojasnog pristupa internetu i uvođenje brzina od 100 Mbit/s u Republici Hrvatskoj za razvoj jedinstvenog digitalnog tržišta unutar Europske Unije, definirane u Strategiji Europske komisije iz 2015. godine. Ispunjavanje ciljeva Digitalne Agende 2020 (DA2020) preduvjet je za kreiranje tzv. Gigabitnog društva do 2025 (DAE 2025) nužnog za realizaciju jedinstvenog EU digitalnog tržišta prema kojem će stanovnici Europske Unije koristiti brzine do 1 Gbit/s. Kako bi adresirala potrebe širokopojasnog pristupa internetu (engl. broadband) u budućnosti, Komisija predlaže da do 2025. godine sve škole, javne institucije i prijevoz moraju imati dostupan Internet s brzinama prijenosa podataka učitavanja (uploada) i preuzimanja (downloada ) podataka do 1Gbit/s. Dodatno, sva europska kućanstva, u urbanim i ruralnim područjima, trebala bi imati pristup mrežama koje nude brzine najmanje 100 Mbps, koje mogu biti nadograđene do 1 Gbit i sva gradska područja kao u glavne prometnice i željeznički pravci moraju imati bežičnu pokrivenost petoj generaciji mobilne mreže (engl. 5G wireless broadband coverage), počevši s komercijalnom upotrebom 5G tehnologije barem u jednom gradu u svakoj zemlji članici EU do 2020. godine.
Prema Indeksu digitalnih gospodarstva i društva Europske unije (DESI) Hrvatska se nalazi na začelju. Kako bi poboljšali poziciju Hrvatske na DESI indeksu nužno je osigurati investicije u mrežu kojom se omogućava širokopojasni pristup internetu velikih brzina u sve dijelove Hrvatske, povećava konkurentnost i time i potražnju za uslugama.
Hrvatska ima jedinstvenu priliku iskoristiti bespovratna sredstva definirana ONP-om za gradnju mreže kojim bi se ostvarili ciljevi digitalne agende za Europu do 2025 u tzv. bijelim (ruralnim područjima). ONP je okvirni program za razvoj pristupne širokopojasne infrastrukture slijedeće generacije u područjima u kojima ne postoji dostatni komercijalni interes za ulaganja od strane operatora i pružatelja usluga na tržištu. Time je opravdano ulaganje u izgradnju širokopojasne infrastrukture sufinancirati javnim sredstvima, odnosno sredstvima državnih potpora.
Navedeno ne bi samo doprinijelo poboljšanju statistika Hrvatske, već bi predstavljalo zamašnjak u razvoju obrazovanja, e-usluga i s time povezane bolje kvalitete života, gospodarstva i društva u cjelini i čime bi se znatno smanjio jaz između urbanih i ruralnih područja.
Osim toga, prelazak na 5G tehnologiju nedvojbeno će utjecati na interakciju s tehnologijom i mogućnostima koje nam ona pruža, ali s druge strane, i mnogo važnije, izmijenit će svijet koji danas poznajemo unaprjeđujući ga na bolji, učinkovitiji, napredniji način. |
| Abstract (english) | The subject of the paper The importance of broadband Internet access and the introduction of speeds of 100 Mbit/s in the Republic of Croatia for the development of a single digital market within the European Union is the importance of broadband Internet access and the introduction of speeds of 100 Mbit/s in the Republic of Croatia for the development of a single digital market within the European Union, defined in Strategy of the European Commission from 2015. Meeting the goals of the Digital Agenda 2020 (DA2020) is a prerequisite for creating the so-called Gigabit society by 2025 (DAE 2025) necessary for the realization of a single EU digital market, according to which residents of the European Union will use speeds of up to 1 Gbit/s. In order to address the needs of broadband Internet access in the future, the Commission proposes that by 2025, all schools, public institutions and transportation must have available Internet with upload and download speeds of up to 1 Gbit/ with. In addition, all European households, in urban and rural areas, should have access to networks that offer speeds of at least 100 Mbps, which can be upgraded to 1 Gbit, and all urban areas such as main roads and railway lines must have wireless coverage of the fifth generation mobile network (English 5G wireless broadband coverage), starting with the commercial use of 5G technology in at least one city in each EU member state by 2020.
According to the Digital Economy and Society Index of the European Union (DESI), Croatia is at the bottom. In order to improve Croatia's position on the DESI index, it is necessary to secure investments in a network that enables high-speed broadband access to all parts of Croatia, increases competitiveness and thus the demand for services.
Croatia has a unique opportunity to use grants defined by ONP for the construction of a network that would achieve the goals of the digital agenda for Europe by 2025 in the so-called white (rural areas). ONP is a framework program for the development of next-generation access broadband infrastructure in areas where there is insufficient commercial interest for investments by operators and service providers on the market. Thus, it is justified to co-finance the investment in the construction of broadband infrastructure with public funds, i.e. with state aid funds.
The aforementioned would not only contribute to the improvement of Croatia's statistics, but would also represent a flywheel in the development of education, e-services and the associated better quality of life, economy and society as a whole, which would significantly reduce the gap between urban and rural areas.
In addition, the transition to 5G technology will undoubtedly affect the interaction with technology and the possibilities it provides us, but on the other hand, and much more importantly, it will change the world we know today by improving it in a better, more efficient, more advanced way. |
