This paper deals with the topic of Anthropocene, which is neglected in Croatian scientific and popular literature and is an integral part of our everyday life. Since Croatian scientific literature on the topic lacks suitable translation of foreign literature, but also the interest in dealing with ecological geopolitics, and in particular the Anthropocene discourse, this work is important precisely because it enriches Croatian literature. The method of this paper is a review of one concept. The first part describes the historical development of a new geological period – Anthropocene, its implications and potential outcomes in the future if humanity does not take care for the environment. The second part of the paper is a geopolitical analysis of the security of various areas in the world, and in this section security challenges and dangers that threaten mankind today are considered but also in the not so distant future if the main actors do not take care of climate change. This paper has shown that the issue of climate change is an important issue, and the new period of the Anthropocene is a result of mankind's predominant impact on nature. The emergence of Anthropocene and its development geopolitically influences the future of humanity, considering that climate change has become a security issue.