Bearings are machine elements that serve as a support for axles or shafts. During the exploitation life, bearings are exposed to different wear mechanisms. In rolling bearings, material fatigue is the primary wear mechanism that causes material degradation and consequently machine vibration and noise. Various methods of modifying the material of the rolling bearing can be used to change the properties of the surface, which consequently affect the working characteristics of the rolling bearing. In the theoretical part of this work, the division of bearings, structural characteristics of rolling needle bearings, metallic and non-metallic materials for manufacturing rolling bearings are described, along with criteria for choosing the optimal material for manufacturing bearings, characteristics of the thermochemical process of nitriding (gas nitriding, salt bath nitriding and plasma nitriding). and vibration test methods of bearings. In the experimental part of the work, nitriding of the inner rings was carried out in plasma and salt bath TENIFER. Measurements of surface roughness and hardness were carried out on the inner rings, as well as vibration, noise and heating tests of a needle bearing composed of a non-nitrided outer ring with a cage and nitrided inner rings at different rotation speeds. Based on the conducted tests, an optimal heat treatment that will reduce the noise and vibrations of the needle bearing was recommended.