Production planning and control has been treated as a process influencing the management as well as adaptibility and flexibility of a business system in the conditions of major and intensive changes. This necessarily asks for the need of correction and adjustment of production plans and application of optimization methods and techniques, in order to provide a continuous adjustment of an enterprise to the needs of the environment and its own state. A trial research was performed on a particular case, and on the basis of it, using a simulation model and adequate design of experiments, the influence factors have been defined, and by applying the analysis of variance the effect of influence factors and production planning and control on the successfulness of the business system have been determined. For this purpose, new synthesized criteria and measures have been selected for the evaluation of successfulness of production planning and control, what is representing corresponding scientific contribution. A procedure for modelling and optimization of production planning and control is proposed by determination of the factors influencing the successfulness of production planning and control in the conditions of changes, on the basis of which it is possible to realize the model and optimize planning and control of a production system. In doing so, dynamised programming is used as the starting optimization method, while the simulation is applied as an additional technique for the optimization of the basic operational production plan correction in accordance with the proposed criteria and measures. These procedures and the model of optimization present the exact scientific contribution and the proof of appointed hypothesis of research.