Sustainable development is a program that focuses on improving the way people live. This program includes the balance of environment, society and economy. The production of clean and affordable electricity from the wind directly affects many of the goals of sustainable development. The thesis shows the connection between Agenda 2030 and electricity consumption in the world and in the Republic of Croatia. An analysis of the operation of wind turbine in different climatic conditions was also carried out, and the influence of the environment on their operation was stated and explained. The development of wind turbines and changes in the materials selection for wind turbine blades throughout history are also presented. At the end of the thesis, materials selection is described based on functionality, exploitation, technology, price and recyclability, and the properties of the materials and the materials themselves for individual parts of the wind turbine blades are proposed. Fiber reinforced polymer composites have proven to be the best material for wind turbine blades. They have a lower mass than conventional materials, very good mechanical properties and are corrosion resistant. Wood has proven to be a very good substitute for fiber reinforced composites for certain parts of the blade. Finally, the biggest problem in the industry of producing clean and affordable energy from the wind has been identified, and that is the recyclability of wind turbine blades. Some ways of recycling are offered, but that area still has a lot of room for improvement.