Abstract | U 21. stoljeću, suočeni smo s činjenicom da svjetska populacija rapidno i kontinuirano
raste. Taj rast odvija se stihijski, a rezultira neravnomjernom raspodjelom stanovništva,
velikim jazom u gospodarskom razvoju zemalja, neadekvatnom uporabom prirodnih resursa,
te nažalost sve većim onečišćenjem planeta. K tomu, sve veći broj stanovnika živi u
gradovima i urbanim sredinama, te se prognozira da će ta brojka i rasti. Urbani život svakako
ima svoje prednosti - veće mogućnosti zaposlenja, bolja koncentracija proizvoda i usluga,
adekvatnije razvijanje ideja kreativnog i inovativnog sektora itd. - ali su i mane sve više
izražene, te su danas gradovi najveći zagađivači okoliša. Svjetsko stanovništvo se, doduše,
polako budi iz zimskog sna, te diljem svijeta jača ekološka svijest građana i prihvaćanje da
ovaj način života nije održiv društveno, ekonomski, a naročito ekološki. Posljednjih desetljeća
u teoriji i praksi se javljaju pojmovi „urbana ekologija“ i „permakultura“ te se danas
promatraju i koriste u suzbijanju gore navedenih problema, te kao čimbenici suvremenoga i
održivoga načina života.
Provodeći istraživanje o svjesnosti hrvatskih građana o urbanoj ekologiji i permakulturi
nastojala se stvoriti slika realnog stanja urbanog, ali i ruralnog stanovništva. Glavna prepreka
istraživanju svakako je bila neinformiranost i neznanje ispitanih građana o navedenim
pojmovima, što je na svojevrstan način i rezultat istraživanja budući da ukazuje na problem
slabe educiranosti građana. Sukladno tomu, ovaj rad služi suzbijanju tog problema te je
stvaran iz potrebe za naglašavanjem važnosti urbane ekologije i permakulture, budući da
„stari“ način dokazano potiče daljnju degradaciju urbanog, a samim time i svjetskog okoliša. |
Abstract (english) | In 21st century, we are faced with the fact that the world population is growing
rapidly and with no signs of stopping. Said growth is happening uncontrollably while
resulting with an uneven distribution of population, expanded gap in economic development
of world countries, inadequate use of natural resources, and unfortunately, increased
pollution of our only planet. In addition to that, urban population worldwide is growing, and
the trend seems to be continuing for decades to come. Urban life certainly has its benefits -
it increases workforce, has more effective concentration of goods and service, strengthens
the creative and innovative industry etc. - but the disadvantages are very present as well,
resulting with the fact that, today, cities contribute environmental pollution the most. The
world population, however, is slowly waking up from hibernation and environmental
awareness is increasing worldwide. People have come to terms that this lifestyle is far from
sustainable, in every way possible. In recent decades, concepts „urban ecology“ and
„permaculture“ have appeared in practice as well as in theory, and today we look at them
and use them not only to combat the problems mentioned above, but also as key factors of
modern and sustainable lifestyle. Permaculture is defined as an interdisciplinary scientific
approach whose main goal is to care for the Earth and people but with limited resource
consumption. Accordingly, urban ecology represents a set of ecological tools and principles
adjusted to urban living, primarily created out of the urgent need for a better, more efficient
and adequate management of natural resources and waste, considering the fact that
„old“ way only seems to encourage further degradation of urban and world environment. |