| Abstract | Cilj završnog rada je pojasniti institut odgovornosti za materijalne nedostatke stvari. U skladu s prethodno navedenim, na početku rada će se na općenit način opisati glavne karakteristike obveznog prava, te će se na jednostavan način pojasniti osnovna načela obveznog prava i vrste obveza pri čemu se misli na potpune obveze, nepotpune obveze, obveze s više subjekata, obveze s više činidaba te novčane obveze. Također, pojasnit će se institut pojačanja obveznopravnog odnosa, pri čemu se prvenstveno misli na jačanje položaja vjerovnika, a objasnit će se razlika između sredstava stvarnog i sredstava osobnog pojačanja. Da bi se uopće moglo raspravljati o odgovornosti za materijalne nedostatke potrebno je ustanoviti u kojim slučajevima ti nedostaci postoje, stoga će se u najvećem dijelu završnog rada pojašnjavati odgovornost za materijalne nedostatke koji su regulirani Zakonom o obveznim odnosima. Kada i u kojim slučajevima dolazi do isključenja ili samo do ograničenja odgovornosti, postoje li, i ako postoje, koja su to prava kupaca u slučajevima materijalnih nedostataka stvari, također su dio problematike o kojima će se raspravljati. Također, dio ovoga rada posvećen je Zakonu o izmjenama i dopunama Zakona o obveznim odnosima koji je objavljen u Narodnim novinama broj 126/2021, a na snagu je stupio 1. siječnja 2022. godine. Izmjenama i dopunama Zakona o obveznim odnosima kojim su u spomenuti Zakon uvedene promjene u institute odgovornosti za materijalne nedostatke te za takozvana komercijalna jamstva. U praktičnom dijelu rada pojasnit će se presude Županijskih sudova u Varaždinu te Zadru, a u oba slučaja povod za spor bili su materijalni nedostaci stvari. |
| Abstract (english) | The aim of this final paper is to clarify the institution of responsibility for material defects of things. In accordance with the above, at the beginning of the paper, the main characteristics of law of obligations will be described in a general way, and the basic principles of law of obligations and types of obligations will be explained in a simple way, referring to complete obligations, incomplete obligations, obligations with multiple subjects, obligations with multiple performance and monetary obligations. Also, the institution of strengthening the legal obligation relationship will be explained, primarily referring to the strengthening of the creditor's position, and the difference between means of real and means of personal reinforcement will be explained. In order to be able to discuss responsibility for material defects at all, it is necessary to establish in which cases these defects exist, therefore, in the largest part of the final paper, responsibility for material defects, which are regulated by the Obligations act, will be clarified. When and in which cases there is an exclusion or only a limitation of liability, whether they exist, and if they exist, what are the rights of buyers in cases of material defects of things, are also part of the issues that will be discussed. Also, part of this work is devoted to the Law on Amendments to the Law of obligations which was published in the Official Gazette No. 126/2021, and entered into force on January 1, 2022. Law on Amendments to the Law of obligations introduced changes to the institutes of liability for material defects and for so-called commercial guarantees. In the practical part of the work, the judgments of the County Courts in Varaždin and Zadar will be clarified, and in both cases the reason for the dispute was the material deficiencies of things |
