| Abstract | Uvod: Koronavirusna bolest (COVID-19) uzrokovana je novim koronavirusom SARS-CoV-2
(teški akutni respiratorni sindrom koronavirus-2), koji se najčešće širi među ljudima putem
izravnog kontakta ili zrakom. Glavni tretman za većinu respiratornih komplikacija uzrokovanih
COVID-19 i dalje je simptomatski i usmjeren na suportivnu njegu i respiratornu fizioterapiju.
Cilj istraživanja: Odrediti učinkovitost respiratorne fizioterapije u smanjenju post-COVID-19
respiratornih simptoma (usporedile su se vrijednosti FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC, DLCO, testa 6-
minutnog hoda, snage obje šake, težine zaduhe po Borg-u i MIP-a PRIJE i POSLIJE
fizioterapije).
Ispitanici i metode: Istraživanje je retrospektivno te je uključivalo 35 pacijenata s dijagnozom
post-COVID-19 respiratornih simptoma poput zaduhe, kašlja, otežanog noćnog disanja,
osjećaja gubitka daha, zaduhe u naporu i smanjene kondicije u razdoblju od 3 mjeseca do godine
dana nakon preboljelog COVID-19. Uzeti su podatci spirometrije, difuzijskog plućnog
kapaciteta za ugljikov monoksid, zaduhe po Borg-ovoj ljestvici, testa 6-minutnog hoda, snage
stiska šake i maksimalnog udisajnog tlaka PRIJE i POSLIJE obavljene fizioterapije.
Rezultati: Nije pronađena statistički značajna razlika FVC (L) prije i poslije primjene terapije
(p=0,149), no utvrđena je statistički značajna razlika FVC (%) (p=0,002). Mjerenjem FEV1
(L), FEV1 (%) i FEV1/FVC prije i poslije terapije nije utvrđena statistički značajna razlika,
iako pacijenti poslije primjene terapije pokazuju povišenje vrijednosti omjera FEV1/FVC (%).
Utvrđena je statistički značajna razlika prije i poslije provedene terapije usporedbom omjera
DLCO (%) (p=0.000), vrijednosti testa 6-minutnog hoda (p=0,004), ocjene subjektivnog
osjećaja zaduhe po Borg-ovoj ljestvici (p=0,000), vrijednosti snage stiska šake kod obje ruke
(p=0,000), te vrijednosti maksimalnog udisajnog tlaka (p=0,000). Spomenute vrijednosti su
pokazale poboljšanje nakon provedene terapije.
Zaključak: Dobiveni rezultati potvrđuju da postoji statistički značajna razlika u smanjenju
simptoma nakon provedene respiratorne fizioterapije te da je uspješna metoda liječenja kod
pacijenata s post-COVID19 simptomima. |
| Abstract (english) | Introduction: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is caused by the new coronavirus SARSCoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2), which most often spreads between
people through direct contact or through the air. The main treatment for most respiratory
complications caused by COVID-19 is still symptomatic and focused on supportive care and
respiratory physiotherapy.
Aim of the research: To determine the effectiveness of respiratory physiotherapy in reducing
post-COVID-19 respiratory symptoms (the values of FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC, DLCO, 6-
minute walk test, strength of both hands, severity of shortness of breath according to Borg and
MIP were compared and BEFORE and AFTER physiotherapy).
Participants and methods: The research was conducted retrospectively and included 35
patients diagnosed with post-COVID-19 respiratory symptoms such as shortness of breath,
cough, difficulty breathing at night, feeling short of breath, shortness of breath on exertion, and
reduced fitness in the period from 3 months to a year after recovering from COVID-19. It were
taken results from spirometry, diffusive lung capacity for carbon monoxide, shortness of breath
according to the Borg scale, 6-minute walk test, hand grip strength and maximum inspiratory
pressure BEFORE and AFTER the physiotherapy.
Results: No statistically significant difference in FVC (L) was found before and after therapy
(p=0.149), but a statistically significant difference in FVC (%) was found (p=0.002). The
measurement of FEV1 (L), FEV1 (%) and FEV1/FVC before and after therapy did not reveal
a statistically significant difference, although patients showed an increase in the value of the
FEV1/FVC ratio (%). A statistically significant difference before and after the therapy was
determined by comparing the DLCO ratio (%) (p=0.000), the 6-minute test value (p=0.004),
the subjective feeling of shortness of breath according to the Borg scale (p=0.000), the strength
value fist clenching with both hands (p=0.000), and maximum inspiratory pressure values
(p=0.000). The mentioned values showed an improvement after the therapy.
Conclusion: The obtained results confirm that there is a statistically significant difference in
the reduction of symptoms after respiratory physiotherapy and that it is a successful treatment
method in patients with post-COVID19 symptoms. |
