| Abstract | Cilj: prikupiti podatke o bolesnicima kojima je kompujeriziranom tomografijom (CT-om) toraksa i patohistološki dijagnosticiran primarni plućni karcinom te ispitati incidenciju histoloških tipova primarnih karcinoma pluća. Utvrditi učestalost planocelularnog karcinoma te analizirati udio pripadnika muškog i ženskog spola u bolesnika s dijagnosticiranim planocelularnim karcinom. Usporediti udio pušača i bivših pušača među bolesnicima s dijagnosticiranim planocelularnim karcinomom u odnosu na bolesnike s dijagnosticiranim adenokarcinomom.
Ispitanici: ova retrospektivna studija uključuje bolesnike kod kojih je u 2022.g. na Kliničkom zavodu za radiologiju-lokalitet Sušak, Kliničkog bolničkog centra (KBC-a) Rijeka, CT-om postavljena sumnja na karcinom pluća, nakon čega su podvrgnuti nekoj od invazivnih dijagnostičkih metoda u cilju utvrđivanja patohistološkog nalaza.
Rezultati: CT-om toraksa i patohistološkom analizom utvrđeno je 147 novodijagnosticiranih primarnih karcinoma pluća. Udio bolesnika muškog spola s primarnim karcinoma pluća iznosio je 65,3%, a ženskog spola 34,7%. Dijagnostički postupci kojim su pribavljeni tkivni uzorci za patohistološku analizu bili su bronhoskopija s transbronhalnom biopsijom, kojoj je podvrgnuto 99 (58,6%) bolesnika, potom CT-om vođena transtorakalna biopsija koja je učinjena kod 69 (40,8%) bolesnika, a samo kod jednog bolesnika patohistološka dijagnoza je postavljena nakon analize kirurškom, klinastom resekcijom odstranjenog tumorskog tkiva. Najzastupljeniji histološki tip primanih karcinoma pluća među našim ispitanicima bio je karcinom nemalih stanica, koji je dijagnosticiran u 81,6% bolesnika, dok je udio pacijenata s karcinomom malih stanica pluća iznosio svega 18,4%. Među utvrđenim karcinomima nemalih stanica pluća najučestaliji je bio adenokarcinoma, potvrđen kod 40,8% bolesnika, a potom planocelularni karcinom koji je dijagnosticiran kod 22,4% bolesnika. Zastupljenost muškog spola kod dijagnosticiranog adenokarcinoma iznosila je 63,3%, a ženskog 36,7%. Planocelularni karcinom prevladavao je kod muškaraca s udjelom od 75,5%. Analizom pušačkog statusa bolesnika udio pušača cigareta kod bolesnika s adenokarcinomom iznosio je 80%, a kod bolesnika s planocelularnim karcinomom čak 94%. Udio pušača kod muškaraca oboljelih od adenokarcinoma iznosio je 92,2%, a kod planocelularnog 92%. U skupini žena oboljelih od adenokarcinoma bilo je 59,1% pušača, a u skupini žena oboljelih od planocelularnog karcinoma sve bolesnice su bile pušači.
Zaključak: planocelularni karcinom je drugi po učestalosti u bolesnika kod kojih je u 2022.g. u KBC-u Rijeka CT-om i patohistološki dijagnosticiran primarni plućni karcinom, nakon adenkarcinoma, s udjelom od 22,4%. Među bolesnicima s dijagnosticiranim planocelularnim karcinomom udio pripadnika muškog spola značajno je veći od udjela pripadnica ženskog spola (75,8% naprema 24,2%). Udio pušača veći je među bolesnicima s dijagnosticiranim planocelularnim karcinom nego u onih s dijagnosticiranim adenokarcinomom (94% naprema 80%). |
| Abstract (english) | Aim: Collect data of patients diagnosed with primary lung cancer by CT and pathophysiology and examine the incidence of histological types of primary lung cancer. Determine the frequency of squamous cell carcinoma and analyse the proportion of male and female patients in patients diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma. Compare the proportion of smokers and ex-smokers among patients diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma compared to patients diagnosed with adenocarcinoma.
Subjects: This retrospective study includes patients whom in 2022 at the Clinical Institute of Radiology - location Sušak, KBC Rijeka, lung cancer was suspected by CT scan, after which they were subjected to one of the invasive diagnostic methods to determine the pathohistological findings.
Results: Chest CT scan and pathohistological analysis showed 147 new patients with lung cancer. Lung cancer showed a male predominance with 65.3% of patients while the proportion of female patients was 34.7%. Diagnostic procedures for obtaining a tissue sample include bronchoscopy (58,6%), CT-guided transthoracic biopsy (40,8%) and surgical resection (one patient). The most common histological type of lung cancer was non-small cell cancer diagnosed in 81.6%, while the proportion of patients with small cell lung cancer was 18.4%. Adenocarcinoma was found in 40.8% of the cases, followed by squamous cell carcinoma in 22.4%. Adenocarcinoma showed an incidence in males of 63.3% while female patients make up 36,7%. A high rate of squamous cell carcinoma was found in men (75.5%) in comparison to women (24.2%). Analysis of the smoking status of patients showed that 80% of patients with adenocarcinoma and 94% of patients with squamous cell carcinoma are smokers. The proportion of smokers in men with adenocarcinoma is 92.2% and in men with squamous cell carcinoma 92%. The proportion of smokers among women with adenocarcinoma is 59.1% while all women with squamous cell carcinoma are smokers.
Conclusion: Squamous cell carcinoma is the second most common type of lung cancer in patients diagnosed with lung cancer by CT scan and pathophysiology in 2022 at KBC Rijeka. Squamous cell carcinoma showed male predominance with 75.8% while women make up 24.2%. The proportion of smokers is higher among patients diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma compared to those diagnosed with adenocarcinoma (94% versus 80%). |
