Abstract | Dojka je parni organ, koji kod muškaraca prestaje rast u pubertetu, a kod žena nakon poroda i dojenja. Česta su oboljenja dojke.
Iako je danas dijagnostika napredovala, kao i liječenje, danas mnoge žene oboljevaju od mnogih tumoroznih bolesti.
U svijetu pa tako i u Hrvatskoj najčešća je to bolest, tumor dojke. U toj bolesti nisu pošteđene niti mlade cure, žene.
Tumor dojke može biti benigan i maligan. Treba ih otkriti u što ranijoj fazi.
Maligni, karcinomi su neizlječive bolesti. Karcinomi metastaziraju.
To su bolesti koje se liječe dok god je moguće. Kad one dosegnu svoju tako veliku proširenost, da metasaziraju i zauzimaju zdravi organ, zdravi dio tijela, limne žlijezde i kad više nema pomoći, kad moramo prekinuti sa svim načinom liječenja prelazi se na palijativno liječenje.
Kod takvih oboljenja, u njihovoj progradaciji javljaju se razni simptomi na koje moramo djelovati.
Bit palijativne medicine i je ukloniti simptome malignih bolesti, bilo da je to bol, mučnina, povraćanje, opća slabost, smanjen apeti, umor... Nerijetko su to simptomi koji dovode do prestanka života, usporavanja metabolizma, postepeno dolazi do prestanka života.
Na neke od simptoma, kao što je bol možemo dijelovati operativno. Kako? Operativno se djeluje na bol, tako da uznapredoavli tumor, egzulcerat ako pritišće na određeni dio tijela, što dovodi do nesnošljive boli, operativno se odstrani barem jedan dio tumora, ako nije moguće odstraniti ga u cijelosti.
Oboljelom trebamo pomoći da prihvati svoju bolest, da prihvati što ju čeka. Svakome moramo prići individualno i poslušati ga, prići na holistički način. Pomoći i oboljelom, njegovoj obitelji i najbližima
Isto tako moramo pružiti podršku obitelji i omogućiti osobi da se ugasi, polagano, bez patnje i boli. |
Abstract (english) | The breast is an even organ that stopsgrowing at puberty in men and in women after childbrith and breastfeeding. Breast diseases are quite common.
Even the diagnostics today has improved, as well as medical treatment, many womwn still suffer from various tumorous diseases.
In the world, as well as in Croatia, the most common of such, diseases is breast cancer. This disease does not spare neither young girls, womwn.
Breast tumor can be benign and malignant. It has to be discovered in the earliest possible phase.
Malignant tumours, cancers are incurable diseases. Carcinomas metastasize.
There are diseases that are treated for as long as it possible. When they reach high expansion, metastazis and occupy, a healthy organ, a healthy part of body, the lymph glands, and when there is no hep anymore, when we have to stop all treatment, we switch to palliative treatment.
In such diseases, in their progradation, various symptoms that we must act on.
The essence of palliative medicine is to eliminate the symptoms of malignancies, such as pain, nausea, vomiting, general weakness, decreased appetite, fatigue... Often these are the syptoms that kead to termination of life, slowing of metabolism gradually leads to life termination.
Some of the symptoms, such as pain, can be tackled on operatively. How? The pain is operatively tackled in a way that the advanced tumor, the exulcerate, if it presses a particular body part, leading to intolerabe pain, at least one part of the tumour is surgically removed, if it is not possible to remove it completely.
We should help the patient to accept his illness, to accept what awaits him. We must approach each person individually and listen to him, in a holistic way. We should help the patient and his family and loved ones.
We must also support the family and allow the patient to take off, easily, without suffering or pain. |