| Abstract | Rudarstvo je grana gospodarstva koja je zastupljena na području Varaždinske županije. Korištenje i gospodarska vrijednost mineralnih sirovina stalno se mijenjaju, ovisno o potrebama tržišta, te je zadatak struke da permanentno procjenjuje vrijednost. Kod strateškog odlučivanja o gospodarenju mineralnim sirovinama treba integrirati spoznaje o geološkim potencijalima, prostorno-planske uvjete i ograničenja vezana za zaštitu okoliša, prirode, krajobraza, voda, tla i kulturnih dobara. Prostor Varaždinske županije bogat je mineralnim sirovinama pa postoji veliko zanimanje investitora za otvaranjem novih istražih prostora te proširenjem postojećih eksploatacijskih polja. Procesi i pojave kompleksnosti prostora i zahvata u prostoru su različiti, a kako bi ih se moglo istražiti, analizirati te utvrditi njihov utjecaj i međusobnu povezanost, u praksi se često koriste indikatori (pokazatelji, indeksi). Svrha doktorskog rada temeljila se na znanstvenom istraživanju i razvoju nove metode kvantificiranja indikatora održivosti razvoja u gospodarenju mineralnim sirovinama (prostornih, resursnih, ekoloških, gospodarskih i socijalno održivih – IPREGS) te izračuna modela (AKI) na primjeru Varaždinske županije (Pilot-projektu građevnog pijeska i šljunka). Cilj rada bio je utvrditi uzročno-posljedičnu vezu između kvantificiranih indikatora (IPREGS) i novouspostavljenog (AKI).
U okviru prvog poglavlja doktorskog rada opisani su motivi odabira teme, definiran je i opisan problem te predmet istraživanja, navedeni su ciljevi istraživanja i zadane hipoteze.
U drugom poglavlju objašnjene su vrste i primjena mineralnih sirovina, te je dan literaturni pregled značajki, uloge i važnosti rudarske djelatnosti u Republici Hrvatskoj.
Treće poglavlje daje prikaz provedenog empirijskog istraživanja ukupne rudarske djelatnosti u Republici Hrvatskoj u razdoblju od 31. prosinca 2010. godine do 31. prosinca 2020. godine s posebnim osvrtom na Varaždinsku županiju.
U četvrtom je poglavlju dan detaljan i sustavan prikaz rudarske zakonske regulative Republike Hrvatske u gospodarenju mineralnim sirovinama.
U petom poglavlju u kontekstu održivog gospodarenja mineralnim sirovinama prikazan je položaj i značaj posebnosti Varaždinske županije u odnosu na prostor Republike Hrvatske. Prikazano je planirano stanje vezano uz istraživanje i eksploataciju neenergetskih mineralnih sirovina Varaždinske županije te je prezentirana i analizirana sanacija prostora nakon prestanka eksploatacije.
Šesto poglavlje sadržava metodološki i matematički opis primjene nove metode odabira, kvantificiranja i integriranja pojedinačnih indikatora (IPREGS) i razvoja nove metodologije izračuna postavljenog modela (AKI). Korištenjem multivarijantne analize strukture razmatranih
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pojedinačnih indikatora (ulazni podatci analizirani putem provedenog mjernog instrumenta – Anketni upitnik) omogućen je metodološki izbor njihovog utvrđivanja, ponderiranja/agregiranja te stvaranja konceptualnog okvira za izračun i uspostavu novog modela (AKI). U širem kontekstu istraživanja provedene su SWOT analize utjecaja IPREGS indikatora i koncesionara/ovlaštenika te su izrađeni Poligoni strategije analiziranih aspekata i utjecaja s prioritetom identificiranja resursnih snaga, konkurentske prednosti, slabosti i nedostataka koji predstavljaju značajno obilježje provedenih analiza i valoriziranja održivog gospodarenja mineralnim sirovinama.
Na kraju rada, u sedmom poglavlju, sustavno i koncizno su prezentirani najvažniji rezultati znanstvenog istraživanja s ciljem potvrde i dokazivanja postavljene temeljne znanstvene hipoteze i pomoćnih hipoteza. Analizirani su mogući pozitivni i negativni aspekti uključivanja izabranih i utvrđenih (IPREGS) indikatora te dani odgovori na postavljena pitanja iz ciljeva istraživanja.
Zaključci proizašli iz doktorskog rada očituju se u razvitku nove metode odabira, kvantificiranja i integriranja pojedinačnih indikatora (IPREGS) i razvoja nove metodologije izračuna postavljenog modela (AKI) koji će se koristiti kao alat praćenja i unaprjeđenja sustava uspostave razvoja i održivog gospodarenja mineralnih sirovina u kontekstu ostvarenja cirkularne ekonomije, kojom će se bitno unaprijediti postojeće stanje, smanjiti entropija sustava i omogućiti razvoj gospodarske politike uz osiguranje mehanizma praćenja provedbe i efikasnosti. Prikazana je kratka sinteza rada te su naznačeni daljnji mogući smjerovi znanstvenog istraživanja u skladu sa zadanim ciljevima ovog doktorskog rada.
Pregled korištene literature, popis tablica, dijagrama, slika i priloga te životopis s popisom objavljenih radova pristupnice nalaze se na kraju rada. |
| Abstract (english) | Mining is a branch of the economy represented in the area of Varaždin County. The use and economic value of mineral raw materials have been constantly changing, depending on the needs of the market, and it is the task of the profession to permanently assess the value. When making strategic decisions concerning the management of mineral resources, knowledge about geological potentials, spatial planning conditions and restrictions related to the protection of the environment, nature, landscape, water, soil and cultural assets should be integrated. The area of Varaždin County is rich in mineral resources, so there is a great interest of investors in opening new exploratory areas and expanding the existing exploitation fields. The processes and occurrences of the complexity of space and interventions in space are different, and in order to be able to explore them, analyse them and determine their impact and interconnectedness, indicators are often used in practice. The purpose of the doctoral thesis was based on scientific research and development of a new method of quantifying indicators of sustainability of development in the management of mineral raw materials (spatial, resource, ecological, economic and social-sustainable - IPREGS) and calculation of the Aggregate Composite Index (AKI) model on the example of Varaždin County (Pilot project of construction sand and gravel). The aim of the paper was to determine the cause-and-effect relationship among the quantified indicators (IPREGS) and the newly established aggregate composite index (AKI).
Within the first chapter of the doctoral thesis, the motives for selection of the topic are described, the problem and the subject of the research are defined and described, and the research objectives and given hypotheses are stated.
In the second chapter, the types and application of mineral raw materials are explained, and a literature review of the features, role and importance of mining activity in the Croatia is given.
The third chapter provides an overview of the conducted empirical research of the overall mining activity in Croatia in the period from 31 December 2010 to 31 December 2020, with a special focus on Varaždin County.
The fourth chapter provides a detailed and systematic presentation of the mining legislation in Croatia concerning the management of mineral raw materials.
In the fifth chapter, in the context of sustainable management of mineral raw materials, the position and significance of the uniqueness of Varaždin County in relation to the territory of Croatia is presented. The planned state related to the exploration and exploitation of non-energy mineral raw materials of Varaždin County is presented, and the rehabilitation of the area after the end of exploitation is presented and analysed.
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The sixth chapter contains a methodological and mathematical description of the application of the new method of selection, quantification and integration of individual indicators (IPREGS) and the development of a new methodology for calculating the set model (AKI).
By using a multivariate analysis of the structure of the considered individual indicators (input data analysed through the implemented measuring instrument – a Survey), the methodological selection of their determination, weighting/aggregation and creation of a conceptual framework for the calculation and establishment of a new model (AKI) is enabled.
In the broader context of the research, SWOT analyses of the impact of (IPREGS) indicators and concessionaires/authorizing entities were carried out, and Polygons of strategies of analysed aspects and influences were created with the priority of identifying resource strengths, competitive advantages, weaknesses and shortcomings, which represent a significant characteristic of the analyses carried out and the valorisation of sustainable management of mineral raw materials.
At the end of the work in the seventh chapter, the most important results of scientific research are systematically and concisely presented with the aim of confirming and proving the basic scientific hypothesis and auxiliary hypotheses. The possible positive and negative aspects of the inclusion of selected and established (IPREGS) indicators were analysed and the answers to the questions from the research objectives were provided.
The conclusions drawn from the doctoral thesis are reflected in the development of a new method of selection, quantification and integration of individual indicators (IPREGS) and the development of a new methodology for calculating the set model (AKI) which will be used as a tool for monitoring and improving the system of establishing the development and sustainable management of mineral raw materials in the context realization of the circular economy, which will significantly improve the current situation, reduce the entropy of the system and enable the development of economic policy while ensuring a mechanism for monitoring implementation and efficiency. A short synthesis of the work is presented, and further possible directions of scientific research are indicated in compliance with the set goals of this doctoral thesis.
An overview of the used literature, a list of tables, diagrams, pictures, and appendices, as well as a CV with a list of published papers, can be found at the end of the paper. |
