Fracture mechanics is a technical and scientific discipline that studies the initiation and propagation of cracks in materials. Due to the occurrence of cracks, or defects, the actual strength of materials can be several times lower than the theoretical strength obtained according to the principles of classical mechanics. The goal of fracture mechanics is to understand the stress and deformation fields around the crack tip and to define conditions that influence its further propagation. Concrete is a heterogeneous composite material filled with different defects due to its composition. Although concrete is considered to be a brittle material with negligible tensile strength, it behaves quasi-brittle in reality. During tensile stress, energy is consumed on openings of cracks, giving concrete a certain toughness often not considered in classical concrete strength theory. Concrete fracture mechanics study the occurrence and propagation of cracks in concrete, defining models to more precisely depict the behavior of concrete elements and structures. The paper describes fracture mechanics parameters and phenomena that occur during concrete fracture. Furthermore, models describing concrete behavior under tensile stress and experimental methods for obtaining concrete fracture parameters are discussed. Finally, several practical examples are solved.