Corrosion in real printing systems is well known phenomenon, although ample attention has not been given by now to the investigations of its origins and consequences. In this thesis, the influence of certain chemical and physical parameters of fountain solutions on the corrosion of laboratory steel DIN Ust 12 (Cmax 0,12%, Mnmax 0,50%, Pmax 0,04%, Smax 0,04%) has been investigated in three phases. In the first phase, the influence of different pH values, as well as the compositions of electrolytes on the corrosion of steel specimens in the open system - with enabled absorption of oxygen in the electrolyte - was followed during 126 days. With the application of ecological concentrates of fountain solutions, the phenomenon of corrosion becomes more significant. In the second phase, therefore, the impact of conventional and ecological fountain solutions, as well as the impact of dissolved surface compounds from the paper on the corrosion of the steel was followed in the closed systems during approximately 31 months. The corrosion was in the first two phases quantitatively determined by gravimetric method, the spectrophotometer reemission of the electromagnetic radiation was registered from the surface of the steel in the visible part of the spectrum, while the corrosion products were analyzed from the electrolyte residues by the FT-IR spectrometry. In the third phase the electrochemical potentiodynamic measurements were carried out with the direct current and the method of linear polarization and Tafel’s extrapolation, by which the corrosion parameters were determined: corrosion potential (Ekor/mV), corrosion current density (jkor/μA cm-2), polarization resistance (Rp/Ω cm2) cathodic (-βk) and anodic (βa) inclination of Tafel’s lines, as well as the corrosion rate (BK /mm yr-1). In the third phase, the impact of different industrial fountain solutions and dissolved paper surface compounds on the corrosion was measured. Results obtained by the applied measuring methods are showing that the corrosion in the starting conventional and ecological fountain solutions is almost totally inhibited at the room temperature, while compounds from the surface of the paper, dissolved in the fountain solution, have significantly higher impact on the course and the dynamics of the corrosion during the printing process.