Holography is simultaneously a science, craft, art and an industry. Holographic images are three-dimensional objects recorded and projected onto two-dimensional surfaces. In this paper will repeat the basics of holography through the process of creating holographic images and listing types of holograms. Continuing onto the process of creating holographic images, the equipment needed for the process will be mentioned and explained the role of each element. In the main part of the paper the materials required for the performance of holographic images and their properties will be researched. The paper will review and compare the materials that were used in the beginning of holography to ones used today. Investigation of the properties of materials and their optimal values to obtain the best quality holographic image will also be included. Also, we will be studied whether it is possible to change these values by influencing the material. The conclusion will indicate which materials are most commonly used and what are their advantages and disadvantages that make them ideal holographic material.