Title Motiv preobrazbe u književnosti Title (english) The Motive of the Transformation in the Literature Author Almina Ahmetašević Mentor Davor Piskač (mentor)Committee member Dubravka Zima (predsjednik povjerenstva)Committee member Suzana Marjanić (član povjerenstva)Committee member Davor Piskač (član povjerenstva)Granter University of Zagreb Defense date and country 2019-09-16, Croatia Scientific / art field, INTERDISCIPLINARY AREAS OF KNOWLEDGE Abstract Franz Kafka rođen je u Pragu 3. srpnja 1883. godine, odrastao je u obitelji s autoritativnim ocem koji ga nije podržavao niti imao pretjerano razumijevanja za njega, što je vjerojatno ostavilo traga na Kafkina djela koja su uglavnom prožeta teško odredivim raspoloženjem koje je prije svega mistično i zanimljivo. Njegova pripovijetka Preobrazba prvi puta je objavljena 1915. godine, a interpretirana je na bezbroj različitih načina, te se još uvijek ne može sa sigurnošću reći o čemu djelo točno govori. Jedna od mogućih interpretacija jest ona u kojoj je Gregor zapravo žrtva koja to želi biti, a preobrazba na kraju dovodi do određnih spoznaja. Neki od hrvatskih autora također su u svoja djela unijeli motiv preobrazbe, tako je u Kozarčevoj Teni prikazana pozitivna preobrazba koja na kraju dovodi do spoznaje pravih ljudskih vrijednosti, u Šimunićevoj Dugi preobrazba koja nažalost vodi u smrt, ali opet dovodi do određenih spoznaja vlastitog bića, a u Brešanovom Astarothu iznesen je niz demonskih preobrazbi koje na kraju, opet dovode do spoznaja temeljnih ljudskih vrijednosti i pitanja. Interpretacijom Kafkina djela pozabavio se velik broj autora. Neki odgovor na pitanje o čemu djelu govori pokušavaju pronaći u Kafkinim osobnim zapisima, dok drugi u tome vide uzaludan napor. W. H. Sokel interpretaciju Kafkina Preobražaja svodi na motive pobune i kazne. F. D. Luke ističe Gregorovu egoističnu i incestuoznu narav. Albert Camus Preobrazbu opisuje kao jezivu zbirku lucidnosti koja je proizvod onog neizrecivog čuđenja koje se javlja u čovjeku kada osjeti da se bez ikakvog napora pretvara u zvijer. Boris Perić s Preobrazbom u vezu dovodi ni više ni manje nego mamurluk, iznosi i analizu prezimena Samsa, te donosi usporedbu s romanom Venera u krznu. Veliko značenje u interpretaciji pridaje i prijevodu imenice Ungezifer u gamad, a osvrće se i na značenje žena u ovoj pripovijetci. David Zane Maiwrowitz kao uzrok preobrazbe navodi manjak samopouzdanja. Hamedreza Kohzadi, Fatemeh Azizmohammadi, Mahboubeh Nouri trojica studenata iznose također jedno zanimljivo tumačenje Kafkina djela. Naime, cijelo djelo tumače kao alegoriju i to o otuđenju pisaca.
Abstract (english) Franz Kafka was born in Prague on July 3 1883 where he was raised in a family with an authoritative father who did not support him or have an over-understanding of him, which probably left a mark on Kafka's works, them being mostly imbued with a difficult-todetermine mood that is above all mystical and interesting. His short story Metamorphosis was first published in 1915 and has been interpreted in countless different ways, and one cannot yet say for sure what the work is about. One possible interpretation is that Gregor is actually the person who wants to be a victim, and the transformation eventually leads to certain insights. Some of the Croatian authors have also introduced a motive of transformation into their works, so Kozarac's Tena shows a positive transformation that eventually leads to the realization of true human values, in Šimunić's Duga transformation unfortunately leads to death, but again leads to certain understandings of hers own being, and in Brešan's Astaroth, a series of demonic transformations is presented which, in the end, again leads to the realization of basic human values and questions. A number of authors have been studying the interpretation of Kafka's work. W. H. Sokel reduces Kafka's Metamorphosis to motives of rebellion and punishment. F. D. Luke emphasizes Gregor's egoistic and incestuous nature. Albert Camus describes Metamorphosis as a creepy collection of lucidity that is the product of the unspeakable wonder that occurs in man when he feels himself transformed into a beast without any effort. Boris Perić binds Metamorphosis with a hangover, and also outlines an analysis of Samsa's surname, and brings a comparison to the novel Venera u krznu. David Zane Maiwrowitz cites lack of confidence as the cause of the transformation. Hamedreza Kohzadi, Fatemeh Azizmohammadi, Mahboubeh Nouri, three students, also present one interesting interpretation of Kafka's work. Specifically, they interpret the whole work as an allegory about the alienation of writers.
Keywords
Franz Kafka
Language croatian URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:111:090031 Study programme Title: Department of Croatology; specializations in: scientific, teaching Type of resource Text File origin Born digital Access conditions Open access Terms of use Created on 2020-01-15 10:51:53
