This paper is focused on research of development capacities of the Eastern Croatia region. Term „Development capacities“represents concept in which human actions (or concept of social capital) make basis for development that is capable for future. In sociology of development region is viewed as optimal level for analysis of development capacities. If the regionalization is dutifully carried out it will represent first step to balanced development of society. According to that we formed the region of Eastern Croatia which we based on geographical regionalization method. We operationalised development capacities through overview of socio-demographic and economical developmental capacities in reference to framework based on 5 counties which Eastern Croatia is consisted. This paper can be divided in two parts: the first one consists of theoretical overwiev (which makes the basis of research framework) of region, regionalization and social phenomenas as globalization, peripherization, polarization and regionalization within European Union. Second part consists of historical-geographical overview of region Eastern Croatian, overwiev of region characteristics and development capacities. Methodological concept of the paper refers to the relevant research of socio-demographic and economical indicator of development. Main goal of research is to show development capacities of region which would contribute to the indentification of problems in development. If the region is characterized by problems in development soon the problems of regional inequality will raise which can result in polsarisation of society and at the end with making of periphery. To have overview of thoroughly assessed data (indicators of development) on the region level is of utmost importance for makin efficient plan for regional development.