The document provides a comprehensive analysis of national security, with a particular focus on the context of the Republic of Croatia. National security is viewed as a dynamic concept that encompasses political, demographic, economic, ecological, and technological aspects. The study examines the establishment and development of the homeland security system in Croatia, which enables coordinated action by state institutions in responding to contemporary security threats such as cyber-attacks and natural disasters. It analyzes demographic challenges, including negative trends like depopulation and aging populations, as well as the measures Croatia is taking to encourage demographic renewal. Economic security is highlighted as a foundation for preserving sovereignty and territorial integrity, with a particular emphasis on innovation and industrial development. The document also addresses contemporary threats such as terrorism, organized crime, and cybercrime, underscoring the importance of international cooperation in confronting these challenges. The issue of migration is considered through the lens of social cohesion and national security, while the preservation of national identity, language, and culture is identified as crucial for long-term stability. In conclusion, the document emphasizes that national security is a complex and comprehensive process that requires continuous adaptation, innovation, and cooperation to effectively respond to contemporary challenges and ensure the long-term preservation of the state's vital interests.