The aim of the study was to examine the level of state anxiety and dimensions of health locus of control (Internal HLOC, Chance HLOC and Powerful Others HLOC) and to determine differences in these dimensions (gender, age, education level, partnership, employment status and previous experience of surgery) and to identify the relationship between state anxiety and trait anxiety and dimensions of health locus of control on patients scheduled for abdominal surgery. The study was conducted on 37 participants received at the General Hospital Varaždin in the department of abdominal surgery. Participants completed the State – Trait Anxiety Inventory, Multidimensional Health Locus of Control and collection of sociodemographic information a day before the surgery. Data was collected individually, by a face to face interview in the paper-pencil form. The findings of this study showed that most of the patients awaiting abdominal surgery experienced low to moderate levels of anxiety. Education level is a significant predictor of state anxiety. Most of participants expressed the belief on the internal subscale. Significant predictors of the Chance HLOC are age, education level and employment status and on the Powerfull Others HLOC are gender, age, education level, partnership and employment status. Subscale Chance HLOC is significantly negatively associated with state anxiety and trait anxiet. A significant predictor of subscale Powerfull Others HLOC is positively associated with the Internal subscale and Chance HLOC. These findings are partly in accordance with expectation.