In the year 1877, the British and Foreign Bible Society published a Croatian edition of the New Testament with Psalms, entitled Novi zavjet Gospoda našega Isukrsta, as the result of the ten-year long efforts to render to Croats the edition (issued in Latin script) of the Bible translation made by Karadžić and Daničić, which, for many and complex reasons, was found improper for use in Croatia. The preparation of the new edition was entrusted to philologist and theologian of Slovakian provenience Bogoslav Šulek. He introduced certain linguistic and theological alterations in Karadžić’s text that, up to the present, have been but scarcely described. The aim of the dissertation is to evaluate this particular Croatian edition of the New Testament according to three different aspects. From the historic perspective, it examines the causes and circumstances that made the new edition necessary, embedding them into the linguistic, theological and cultural setting. This is accomplished by virtue of re-reading the sources in the light shed by the newfound archival materials. Thereafter, a reconstruction of the edition numbers is provided, and a hypothesis regarding its distribution, along with the reasons why it has been so neglected in literature, as well as in the abundant Croatian tradition of Bible translating, is offered. At the linguistic level, an analysis of the orthography and the language of Šulek's edition of the New Testament is provided by comparing it with the orthography and the language of Karadžić's edition. Lastly, raised in the critical aspect is the question as to what term should be given to this edition, departing from the status of Croatian language in its relation to the Serbian language, and weighing critically the terms that have been attributed to it in the literature.