| Abstract (croatian) | U radu se tematizira problem odnosa filozofije i teologije te se ukazuje na razne mogućnosti pristupa tom problemu. Navode se specifičnosti tih dviju znanosti i traži kriterij njihove znanstvenosti kako bi se mogle konstituirati kao znanosti.
Kao primjer filozofskog pristupa ističe se Heideggerovo stajalište o njima i njihovu odnosu. Govori se o tome u kojem je smislu teologija pozitivna znanost ali i u čemu je ta pozitivnost drugačija od pozitivnosti drugih pozitivnih znanosti. Za Heideggera je teologija samostojna ontička znanost, ne tek puki nastavak filozofije kako se smatra prema vulgarnom stajalištu. Također se
tematizira poznata fraza da je filozofija sluškinja teologije. Kako se prava znanost može temeljiti na vjeri? U tom se kontekstu govori o bespretpostavnosti kao kriteriju znanstvenosti i pokazuje se da bezpretpostavnost ne može postojati ni u prirodnim znanostima te da su prirodne i druge znanosti jednako upitne u svojoj znanstvenosti kao i teologija. Kao minimalni kriteriji za znanstvenost znanosti navode se odsutnost protuslovlja, ispravna dedukcija, točnost i razumljivost. Prema tim kriterijima teologija je jednako znanost kao i druge znanosti. |
| Abstract (english) | The most appropriate way of examining the relationship between philosophy and theology is from a scientific viewpoint since both are sciences. They can both be examined, just like their relationship, from a theological and philosophical perspective. It is therefore necessary that the relationship between theology and philosophy is one of mutual dialogue.
Their true status can only be reached through ‘theologizing’ and ‘philosophising’. The example of a philosophical approach to the relationship between philosophy and theology is Heidegger’s examination of that very relationship. A philosopher investigates reality as a natural reality, whilst a theologian investigates it as a supernatural reality. The parallel between philosophy and theology can be seen in the fact that each has its own theory of knowledge: noetics as a theory of knowledge about the natural being, and fundamental theology or apologetics as a theory of knowledge about the supernatural being. When it comes to the relationship between faith and knowledge, there is still a predominant superficial
understanding according to which the increase of knowledge and the progress of science render faith pointless and redundant. Faith, however, is not a blind and uncritical acceptance of something that is not known. Knowledge is an integral part of faith just as faith is an integral part of knowledge. This is not about confronting two basic sciences, philosophy
and theology, but about seeing if they both respect the criteria of science according to which they can be merely compared. As a methodological minimum, the criteria of absence of contradiction, correct deduction, accuracy and intelligibility are suggested. Considering these, theology is no less a science than other sciences. Philosophy is not a subordinate science
to theology, but is its supporting (assisting) science, whilst theology is not possible without the philosophical opinion. Therefore, they are complementary. The difference is that the unity of philosophers does not lead to some ‘philosophical faith’ whilst a theologian confirms his opinion before itself and before a community of believers. |
