| Abstract | Cilj je ovog rada dati sustavan prikaz povijesti osnutka i djelatnosti Sestara Reda sv. Bazilij Velikog u Križevačkoj eparhiji od 1915. do 1951. godine. Da bismo postigli cilj istražili smo te kritički analizirali i valorizirali izvore (arhivska građa, kronike, korespondencija i tisak), usustavili, kritički propitali i napravili sintezu pronađenih podataka te na kraju pronađene podatke interpretirali i kritički izložili. Analizom građe su potvrđene hipoteze od kojih smo u radu krenuli. Na tom tragu smo utvrdili da sestre bazilijanke dolaze u Križevačku eparhiju zalaganjem biskupa Dionizija Njaradija. U svom radu u Križevačkoj eparhiji suočavaju se s materijalnim poteškoćama uvjetovanim društveno-političkim okolnostima. Navedene teškoće ograničile su mogućnost njihova djelovanja, no, unatoč poteškoćama sestre su svojim radom dale značajan doprinos očuvanju vjerskog i nacionalnog identiteta grkokatolika Križevačke eparhije. Unatoč nadvladavanju poteškoća kroz cijelo razdoblje djelovanja, njihov je odgojno-obrazovni rad naglo prekinut Drugim svjetskim ratom i zabranama komunističkog režima. U prvom dijelu rada
donosimo povijesni pregled i društveno-politički kontekst dolaska bazilijanki u Križevačku eparhiju. Uz uvid u povijest bazilijanske monaške tradicije na području Brestlitovske i Marčanske unije te neposredne preduvjete dolaska sestara u Križevce 1915. godine, prikazane su društvenopolitičke okolnosti na području Križevačke eparhije od 1915. do 1951., s naglaskom na odnos crkve i države u Austrougarskoj monarhiji, Kraljevini SHS (Jugoslaviji), NDH i SFRJ. U drugom dijelu rada donosimo kronološki prikaz razvoja bazilijanki u Križevačkoj eparhiji od 1915. do 1951. godine. Sestre bazilijanke, katoličke monahinje istočnog obreda, dolaze u Hrvatsku 1915. godine kao ratne izbjeglice iz samostana u Sloviti na zapadu današnje Ukrajine (tadašnja Galicija, dio Austrougarskog imperija). Godine 1917. zalaganjem križevačkog biskupa Dionizija Njaradija te lavovskog metropolita Andreja Šeptickog zajednica u Križevcima je osnažena dolaskom novih sestara te od privremene postaje trajnom. Tijekom 1920.-1939. osnovane su nove zajednice u Šidu (1920.), Kamenici (1927.), Mikluševcima (1936.) i Osijeku (1939.). Poput matične zajednice u Ukrajini, sestre bazilijanke su se u Hrvatskoj bavile odgojno-obrazovnim radom unutar samostana (vodile su dječji dom, internat za učenice, dječji vrtić). Kronološki prikaz razvoja samostana popraćen je analizom pojedinačnih aspekata života dotične zajednice. |
| Abstract (english) | The goal of this paper is to give a systematic presentation of the history of the establishment and activities of the Sisters of the Order of St. Basil the Great in the Eparchy of Krizhevtsi from 1915 to 1951. To achieve this goal, we researched, critically analyzed, and valorized the sources (archival materials, chronicles, correspondence, and press), compiled, critically examined and synthesized the data found, and finally interpreted and critically presented it. The analysis of the material confirmed the theses that we proposed in the beginning. In this process, we established that the Basilian Sisters came to the Eparchy of Krizhevtsi due to the efforts of Bishop Dionysius Nyaradi. In their work in the Eparchy, the Sisters faced material difficulties caused by sociopolitical circumstances. These difficulties limited the possibility of their action, but, despite that fact, the Sisters made a significant contribution to the preservation of the religious and national identity of Greek Catholics in the Eparchy. Their educational work was abruptly interrupted by the Second World War and the bans of the communist regime. In the first part of the paper, we provide a historical overview and the socio-political context of the arrival of the Basilian Sister in the Eparchy of Krizhevtsi. An insight into the history of the Basilian monastic tradition in the territories of the Brestlitovsk and Marchan Unions, the immediate preconditions for the Basilian Sisters arrival in Krizhevtsi in 1915, as well as the socio-political circumstances in this area from 1915 to 1951 are presented with the emphasize on the relationships between the church and the state in the Austria-Hungaria, the Kingdom of SHS (Yugoslavia), NDH and SFRY. In the second part of the paper, a chronological account of the development of the Basilian Sisters in the Eparchy from 1915 to 1951 is provided. The Basilian Sisters came to Croatia in 1915 as war refugees from the monastery in Slovita, which is in today’s western Ukraine. In 1917, thanks to the efforts of Bishop of Krizhevtsi, Dionysius Nyaradi and the Metropolitan of Lviv, Andrey Sheptytskyi, the community in Krizhevtsi was strengthened by the arrival of new sisters. During 1920-1939 new communities were founded in Shid (1920), Kamenitsa (1927), Miklushevtsi (1936) and Osijek (1939). Like the original community in Ukraine, the Basilian Sisters in Croatia engaged in educational work within the monastery (they ran an orphanage, a boarding school for schoolgirls, and a kindergarten). The chronological presentation of the development of the monastery is accompanied by an analysis of individual aspects of the life of the respective community. |
