| Abstract | Anksioznost se definira kao osjećaj nelagode, napetosti, zabrinutosti, velikog stresa, panike, straha te iracionalnog lošeg predosjećaja. Anksioznost nije isto što i strah, iako se ta dva koncepta često miješaju. Strah je emocija koja se razvije kada osoba procijeni neku opasnost. Rezultat straha su strategije suočavanja: borba, bijeg ili zamrzavanje.
Simptomi anksioznosti rijetko prolaze neopaženo te često budu razlog zašto neka osoba potraži psihijatrijsku pomoć. Glavna razlika anksioznosti i straha očituje se u tome što se strah pojavljuje kada osoba procijeni da se u blizini nalazi opasnost. Primjerice, strah od napada ili potresa koji prođe nakon opasnosti je samo strah. Simptomi straha su otežano disanje, ubrzan rad srca, ali i ubrzano razmišljanje s ciljem da se problem riješi ili da se osoba spasi. Radi se o stanju, ne samo trenutno izraženom osjećaju. Anksiozni ljudi često nenamjerno preuveličavaju situaciju i stvarnu prijetnju. Taj strah tada postaje paralizirajući i stvara dodatnu traumu. Simptomi anksioznosti rijetko se prepoznaju.
Najčešći simptomi anksioznosti su : uplašenost, nemir, otežana koncentracija, izbjegavanje ljudi i situacija, problemi s prisjećanjem, lupanje srca, glavobolja, pojačana žeđ..
Razlog nastanka anksioznog poremećaja ne mora uvijek biti jasan. Može biti povezan s postojanjem opasnosti, no i ne mora. Kod mnogih se pojavljuje bez prethodnog okidača ili stresnog događaja. Postoje i oni kod kojih se simptomi anksioznosti počnu pojavljivati nakon prekida veze, smrti voljene osobe, otkaza s posla.
Za dijagnosticiranje anksioznosti odvija se pregledom karakterističnih simptoma i znakova. U obzir se uzima i obiteljska anamneza, s time da je moguće da neki ljudi anksioznost dobivaju kao naučeno ponašanje od člana obitelji ili bliske osobe.
Liječenje anksioznosti ovisi o stupnju, trajanju i individualnoj procjeni koliko anksioznost utječe na kvalitetu života osobe. Kod blagih simptoma anksioznosti je liječenje terapijom, umirivanjem, relaksacijskim tehnikama, tjelesnom aktivnošću i psihoedukacijom. |
| Abstract (english) | Anxiety is defined as a feeling of discomfort, tension, worry, great stress, panic, fear, and an irrational bad feeling. Anxiety is not the same as fear, although the two concepts are often confused. Fear is an emotion that develops when a person assesses a danger. The result of fear is coping strategies: fight, flight, or freeze.
Symptoms of anxiety rarely go unnoticed and are often the reason why a person seeks psychiatric help. The main difference between anxiety and fear is that fear appears when a person estimates that there is danger nearby. For example, the fear of an attack or an earthquake that passes after the danger is just fear. Symptoms of fear are difficulty breathing, and rapid heartbeat, but also rapid thinking to solve the problem or save the person. accident could happen. It's about a state, not just a currently expressed feeling. Anxious people often unintentionally exaggerate the situation and the real threat. This fear then becomes paralyzing and creates additional trauma. Symptoms of anxiety are rarely recognized.
The most common symptoms of anxiety are fear, restlessness, difficulty concentrating, avoiding people and situations, problems with remembering, palpitations, headache, and increased thirst.
The cause of the anxiety disorder may not always be clear. It may or may not be related to the existence of danger. For many, it appears without a previous trigger or stressful event. There are also those for whom symptoms of anxiety begin to appear after a breakup, the death of a loved one, or dismissal from work.
Diagnosing anxiety is done by examining characteristic symptoms and signs. Family history is also taken into account, with the fact that some people may get anxiety as learned behavior from a family member or close person.
The treatment of anxiety depends on the degree, duration, and individual assessment of how much anxiety affects a person's quality of life. Mild symptoms of anxiety are treated with therapy, calming, relaxation techniques, physical activity, and psychoeducation. |
