This thesis is about motor and functional abilities and the ways in which they can be improved. Appropriate insight into football can be provided by kinesiology analysis, which through structural, informational, physiological, energetic, biomechanical and anatomical analysis enables the periodization of training processes. Depending on the age of the athlete, currently optimal methods will be presented, which the literature shows as desirable for developing certain abilities. Also, exercises that greatly positively affect the aforementioned abilities were frequently mentioned. An important emphasis of the work refers to long-term planning and programming of training. Therefore, additional attention is paid to the sensitive stages from the earliest age until the end of the sports career. The paper refers to: pioneer, cadet and junior age and how certain types of training affect fitness abilities. The subject of this paper will be qualitative (coordination and agility) and quantitative (flexibility, strength, speed and endurance) abilities along with some of the not uncommon deformations of the locomotor system that affect adolescent soccer players. In conclusion, the significance of fitness preparation of athletes can be shown as the ability to postpone fatigue, which negatively affects sports performance. By connecting the mentioned abilities we can define the economy of movement as the correct motion of athletes through time and space with minimal energy consumption.