This thesis analyzes the impact of physical activity on health and quality of life and examines the historical and contemporary development of women’s sports. Despite the progress made in ensuring equal opportunities for women in sports, challenges such as discrimination, unequal employment opportunities, and psychological pressures still persist. Special emphasis is placed on the concept of a dual career, which involves obtaining formal education alongside engaging in sports. This approach has proven to be crucial in preparing athletes for life after their sports careers end. The paper analyzes the reasons for ending a sports career, including health, psychological, financial, and social factors, and explores the challenges athletes face during the transition from professional sports to civilian life. The importance of education and activity planning for a successful transition into a new career is highlighted. Active investment in education and personal development can significantly contribute to their success beyond the sports field. The aim of this paper is to provide a detailed insight into the professional and personal challenges faced by top athletes after the end of their competitive careers, and to explore how they can successfully adapt to new life conditions and achieve success in other areas. The paper also offers recommendations for supporting athletes in transition and highlights the importance of systematic preparation for life after sports.