| Abstract | Kada govorimo o eksplozivnoj snazi, važno je poznavati vrste dinamičkih naprezanja te
kako, kada i koliko ih trenirati. Poznavanje dinamičkih naprezanja i samoga sporta u
kojem želimo utjecati na eksplozivnu snagu, temelj su ostvarivanja napretka u tom
području. Iako vaterpolo i plivanje dijele vodu kao medij u kojem se odvijaju, uđemo li
u specifičnosti ovih sportova, uvidjet ćemo različitosti. Uspješnost u sportu vaterpolo
ovisi o nizu čimbenika kao što su, primjerice, taktika, pozicioniranje, sportska
inteligencija, motivacija, funkcionalne, motoričke sposobnosti i slično. U vaterpolu su
prisutni specifični pokreti poput horizontalnih i vertikalnih iskoka, šuteva kao i
vaterpolskoga starta te se ni jedan spomenuti pokret eksplozivnosti u sportu vaterpolo
ne moţe pronaći u plivanju. Plivanje je monostrukturalni ciklički sport koji se sastoji od
različitih stilova plivanja kao što su kraul, delfin, prsni i leđni. Također, osim različitih
stilova, plivanje se sastoji i od različitih natjecateljskih disciplina na pedeset, sto,
dvjesto, četiristo, osamsto i tisuću petsto metara, ali i štafete. Taktika i način treniranja
ovise o disciplini u kojoj se plivači natječu, a za postizanje maksimalnih rezultata,
plivači moraju imati dobru tehniku, neovisno o kojem je stilu plivanja riječ. Kod plivača
je eksplozivna snaga najizraženija u startu s bloka, odgurivanju prilikom okreta na rubu
bazena i zaveslaju u kratkim dionicama, dok kod vaterpolista ni u jednom trenutku nije
dozvoljeno odguravanje o rub bazena. Vaterpolski start započinje snagom vlastitih
mišića nogu kojom se stvara otpor za početnu kretnju plivanja pa, s obzirom na razlike
između ovih sportova, uočljivo i nužno da se treningu eksplozivne snage pristupi
prilagođeno zahtjevima sporta, što uvjetuje različito planiranje i programiranje
spomenutih sportova. |
| Abstract (english) | When talking about explosive power, it is important to know the types of dynamic
stresses also as how, when and how much to train them. Knowing the types of dynamic
stresses and the sports in which we want to influence explosive power are the
foundation of making progress in a particular area. Although water polo and swimming
are sharing water as the medium in which they take place, if we take a closer look into
specifics of these sports, we would see differences. Performance in water polo depends
on a numbers of factors such as tactics, positioning, sport intelligence, motivation,
functional and motor skills and similar to it. In water polo are present specific
movements if explosive power such as horizontal and vertical jumps and shots also as
water polo start, while in swimming we can not find any of them. Swimming is
monostructural cyclic sport consisting of different styles of swimming like freestyle, the
butterfly, backstroke and breaststroke. Except for different styles, it also consists of
various competitive lengths such as fifty, hundred, two hundred, four hundred, eight
hundred and one thousand and five hundred meters, also as relays. Tactics and way of
training depends on discipline in which swimmers compete, and for achieving
maximum results, swimmers need to have good technique no matter what style of
swimming it is. When looking into swimmers, explosive power is most pronounced at
the start from the block, pushing and turning at the edge of the pool and paddling in
short sections, while in water polo, pushing against the edge of the pool is not allowed
at any time. Water polo start begins with the strength of their leg muscles which creates
resistance for the initial swimming movement, so considering the differences between
these sports, it is noticeable and necessary to approach explosive power training tailored
to the requirements of sport, which requires different planning and programming the
sports that have been mentioned. |
