Unlike the countries of Central and Western Europe, the traditional medicine of Bosnia and Herzegovina is mostly unexplored. The aim of this work was to determine the phytochemical and biological profile of four plant species from the Lamiaceae family; Mentha pulegium L., Teucrium montanum L., Satureja subspicata L. and Clinopodium vulgare L., which are characteristic and insufficiently researched healing plant species in the area of BiH. The phytochemical profile is determined through the chemical composition of isolated essential oils, water and methanolic extracts. Essential oils analyses were performed by GC/MS, while extracts analyses were performed by HPLC/DAD. The M. pulegium and T. montanum essential oils, compared to the oils of the same plants from other regions, show a similar chemical composition with the difference in the proportion of the main components, while the S. subspicata and C. vulgare essential oils show greater variability in chemical composition and content. Water and methanol extracts are characterized by the high phenol and flavonoid content, with rosemary acid as the major compound, except for T. montanum extracts, where the dominant component is p-coumaric acid. Essential oils show low antioxidative potential and moderate inhibitory potential on AChE and BChE. Tested extracts show a good antioxidant potential. Water extracts show very good, while methanolic extracts show good potential in lipid protection against oxidation. In the sense of protein protection against oxidation, all extracts show prooxidant activity. The tested extracts show low inhibitory potential on AChE. Only the S. subspicata methanolic extract and the M. pulegium and T. montanum water extracts show the low inhibitory potential on BChE.