Title Kretanje tetanusa u Republici Hrvatskoj od 2004. do 2016. godsine
Title (english) Trend of Tetauns in the Republic of Croatia from 2004 to 2016
Author Mateo Jakac
Mentor Vanja Tešić (mentor)
Committee member Vanja Vasiljev Marchesi (predsjednik povjerenstva)
Committee member Lovorka Bilajac (član povjerenstva)
Committee member Vanja Tešić (član povjerenstva)
Granter University of Rijeka Faculty of Medicine (Department of Social Medicine and Epidemiology) Rijeka
Defense date and country 2018-07-16, Croatia
Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE Public Health and Health Care Epidemiology
Abstract Tetanus ili „zli grč“ je bolest prouzročena uzročnikom bakterije Clostridium tetani koja se nalazi u crijevnoj mikroflori životinja koje su ujedno i glavni izvor zaraze. Tetanus je bolest koja spada u zoonoze, a do zaraze dolazi dospijevanjem spora tetanusa u onečišćene rane. Spore tetanusa dospijevaju u okoliš izmetom domaćih životinja i vrlo su otporne na vanjske uvijete te mogu dugo preživljavati u prirodi. Da bi nastala bolest, spore tetanusa moraju dospjeti na mjesto ozljede onečišćenim materijalom u kojem ima spora tetanusa, a to je najčešće zemlja ili predmeti koji su bili u doticaju sa zemljom. Bolest se počinje razvijati u trenutku kada aerobne bakterije potroše sav kisik i stvore se anaerobni uvjeti u rani gdje se spore tetanusa pretvaraju u svoj vegetativni oblik i luče egzotoksin, odnosno neurotoksin. Sve kliničke manifestacije bolesti uzrokuje neurotoksin koji ulazi u periferne motorne živce te njima dolazi do središnjeg živčanog sustava gdje spriječava lučenje regulatornih neuroprijenosnika što rezultira toničkim grčevima, odnosno ukočenošću. Ovisno o količini toksina može nastati lokalizirani tetanusa ili generalizirani tetanus.
U Republici Hrvatskoj je u razdoblju od 2004. godine do 2016. godine od bolesti tetanusa ukupno oboljelo 42 osobe, od čega je smrtnih ishoda bilo kod 5 osoba. U 2016. godini je cijepna obuhvatnost iznosila 80,4% za sve dobne skupine, a najveći cijepni obuhvat je u Šibensko-kninskoj županiji (96,1%), dok je najmanji cijepni obuhvat u Dubrovačko-neretvanskoj županiji (64,3%). Kod primovakcinacije se u razdoblju od 2004. godine do 2016. godine bilježi blagi trend pada cijepljenosti od 2,8%, dok se kod revakcijancije bilježi pad od 5,5%, prvenstveno u razdoblju od 2014. godine do 2015. godine. Najveći trend pada cijepljenosti, u razdoblju od 2004. godine do 2016. godine, bilježe šezdesetogodišnjaci te iznosi 26,6%, dok im prosiječni cijepni obuhvat iznosi 61,2% što čine najrizičniju skupinu od oboljevanja od tetanusa.
Abstract (english) Tetanus or „bad spasm“ is a disease caused by the bacterium of Clostridium tetani which is found in the intestinal microflora of animal who are also the main source of infection. Tetanus is a disease that belongs to zoonoses, and the infection is due to the occurrence of a tetanus sporadic disease in the affected wound. Spores of tetanus due to our environment by feces of a domestic animals and they are very resistant to outdoor conditions so they can survive for a long time. To cause the disease, tetanus spores have to come to the point of injury in the contaminated material which contains spores of tetanus, and the most often is that with a ground or the objects that were in touch with the ground. The disease begins to evolve ate the time when aerobic bacterias spend all oxygen and then create an anaerobic conditions in the wound where the spores of tetanus are changing in vegetative form and secreted exotoxin apropos neurotoxin. All clinical manifestations of the disease are caused by the neurotoxin that enters in the peripheral motor nerves, and they comes to the central nervous system to prevent the release of regulatory neuroprieversis which are result of tonique spasms or stiffness. Depending on the amount of toxins they can cause localized tetanus or generalized tetanus.
In the Republic of Croatia, in the period from 2004 to 2016, the total number of people who was suffering from tetanus disease was 42, of which deaths were at 5 people. In 2016 the inoculation coverage stood at 80,4% for all age groups, the largest vaccination coverage was in Šibensko-kninska county (96,1%), while the lowest vaccination coverage was in Dubrovačko-neretvanska county (64,3%). For primary immunization in the period from 2004 to 2016, is a slight decrease in vaccine rate of 2,8%, while is secundary immunization decreased by 5,5% in the period of 2014 to 2016. The largest drop trend in the period between 2004 and 2016 was for vaccination of sixty year old people is 26,6%, while their averaged vaccination coverage is 61,2% and their are the most risk group to suffered from tetanus .
Keywords
Clostridium tetani
lokalizirani tetanus
generalizirani tetanus
neurotoksin
Keywords (english)
Clostridium tetani
localized tetanus
generalized tetanus
neurotoxin
Language croatian
URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:184:220551
Study programme Title: Study of Sanitary Engineering Study programme type: university Study level: undergraduate Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) sanitarnog inženjerstva (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) sanitarnog inženjerstva)
Type of resource Text
File origin Born digital
Access conditions Open access
Terms of use
Created on 2018-12-07 09:29:08