Title Mikotoksini u uzorcima hrane
Title (english) Mycotoxins in food samples
Author Doroteja Prica
Mentor Dijana Tomić Linšak (mentor)
Committee member Sandra Pavičić Žeželj (predsjednik povjerenstva)
Committee member Željko Linšak (član povjerenstva)
Granter University of Rijeka Faculty of Medicine (Department of Environmental Medicine) Rijeka
Defense date and country 2022-07-15, Croatia
Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE Public Health and Health Care Health Ecology
Abstract Iako je prošlo više od 50 godina od otkrića mikotoksina, oni su i dalje najzastupljeniji prirodni kontaminanti velikog broja poljoprivrednih kultura u svijetu. Nastaju kao proizvodi sekundarnog metabolizma plijesni, zbog čega njihova produkcija ovisi o različitim okolišnim uvjetima. Zbog izrazite stabilnosti, ovi spojevi mogu biti zastupljeni „od polja do stola“. Glavni izvor mikotoksina u ljudskoj prehrani su različite vrste žitarica i sjemenki uljarica. Mikotoksini koji predstavljaju najveću potencijalnu opasnost za zdravlje ljudi su aflatoksini, okratoksini, fumonizini, patulin, zearalenon i deoksinivalenol, a bolesti uzorokovane njihovim trovanjem nazivaju se mikotoksikoze. Ipak, posebnu zabrinutost izaziva kancerogeno djelovanje utvrđeno kod pojedinih vrsta mikotoksina. Premda je produkciju mikotoksina često nemoguće spriječiti, veliki značaj pridaje se razvoju strategija i metoda uklanjanja ili inaktivacije mikotoksina. Ovaj globalni problem pokušava se riješiti usvajanjem strogih regulatornih smjernica za glavne vrste mikotoksina. Cilj rada bio je utvrditi u kojim su uzorcima prisutne najveće koncentracije mikotoksina te odstupaju li dobiveni rezultati od maksimalno dopuštenih koncentracija (MDK) u periodu od 2016. do 2021. godine. Najveća prisutnost aflatoksina B1 i ukupnih aflatoksina zabilježena je u uzorcima kikirikija, te je 7 od ukupno 81 uzorka (8.6%) sadržavalo koncentracije iznad MDK. Određene koncentracije deoksinivalenola pronađene su u 17% uzoraka pekarskih proizvoda, no niti u jednom ne prelaze MDK. Zearalenon i okratoksin A nisu utvrđeni niti u jednom uzorku u koncentraciji iznad granice kvantifikacije.
Abstract (english) Although more than 50 years have passed since the discovery of mycotoxins, they are still the most abundant natural contaminants of a large number of crops worldwide. They are products of secondary metabolism of molds, therefore their biosynthesis largely depends on different environmental conditions. Duo to their extreme stability, these compounds can be present “from the field to the table”. The main source of mycotoxins in human nutrition are different types of cereals and oil seeds. Mycotoxins that represent the greatest potential risk for human health are aflatoxins, ochratoxins, fumonisins, pathulin, zearalenone and deoxynivalenol. Diseases caused by human poisoning with mycotoxins are called mycotoxicoses. Nevertheless, of a particular concern are the carcinogenic effects of certain types of mycotoxins. Although mycotoxin production is often impossible to prevent, strategies and methods for the removal or inactivation of mycotoxins are of great importance. One solution od this global problem it the adaptation of strict regulatory guidelines for the regulation of main mycotoxins. The aim of this study was to determine which samples had the highest concentration of mycotoxins and whether the obtained results deviate from the maximum allowed concentration in the period from 2016 to 2021. The highest presence of aflatoxin B1 and total aflatoxins was recorded in peanut samples, and 7 out of 81 samples (8.6%) contained concentrations above maximum allowed concentration. Certain concentrations of deoxynivalenoa were found in 17% of bakery product samples, but in none of them maximum allowable concentration was exceeded. Zearalenone and ochratoxin A were not detected in any of the samples at concentrations above the quantification limit.
Keywords
plijesni
mikotoksini
mikotoksikoze
MDK
Keywords (english)
molds
mycotoxins
mycotoxicoses
MAC
Language croatian
URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:184:596163
Study programme Title: Study of Sanitary Engineering Study programme type: university Study level: graduate Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra sanitarnog inženjerstva (magistar/magistra sanitarnog inženjerstva)
Type of resource Text
File origin Born digital
Access conditions Open access Embargo expiration date: 2022-07-15
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Created on 2022-07-11 10:10:52