Title OSOBITOSTI ANESTEZIJE U LAPAROSKOPSKOJ KIRURGIJI
Title (english) SPECIFIC FEATURES OF ANAESTHESIA IN LAPAROSCOPIC SURGERY
Author Petra Šipura
Mentor Vlatka Sotošek Tokmadžić (mentor)
Committee member Alen Protić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
Committee member Janja Tarčuković (član povjerenstva)
Committee member Marko Zelić (član povjerenstva)
Granter University of Rijeka Faculty of Medicine (Department of Anaesthesiology,reanimatology and Intensive Care) Rijeka
Defense date and country 2023-07-14, Croatia
Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE Clinical Medical Sciences Anesthesiology and Reanimatology
Abstract Laparoskopska kirurgija je minimalno invazivna tehnika koja se danas sve više izvodi.
Korištenjem posebnih instrumenata, ona omogućuje izvođenje operacija s manjim rezom, što
rezultira manje traumatičnim postupkom i bržim oporavkom bolesnika. Anestezija u
laparoskopskoj kirurgiji ima svoje specifičnosti i zahtijeva poseban pristup. Glavni cilj anestezije
u laparoskopiji je održavanje adekvatne razine anestezije, relaksacije mišića, ventilacije i
hemodinamske stabilnosti tijekom operacije. Za postizanje ovih ciljeva, koriste se različiti
anestetički agensi i tehnike. Uobičajena anestezija uključuje primjenu opće anestezije s
endotrahealnom intubacijom bolesnika. Međutim, sve češće se primjenjuje i regionalna anestezija
kao alternativa. Također se koriste specifični mišićni relaksansi kako bi se postigla adekvatna
relaksacija abdominalnih mišića, što olakšava kirurški pristup i smanjuje rizik nastanka ozljede.
Jedna od brojnih osobitosti laparoskopije koja nastaje kao posljedica pneumoperitoneuma (PNP,
od engl. pneumoperitoneum) uzrokovanog ugljikovim dioksidom (CO2) je povećani
intraabdominalni tlak (IAP, od engl. intraabdominal pressure), koji može uzrokovati
patofiziološke promjene u respiratornom i kardiovaskularnom sustavu. Promjene može uzrokovati
i položaj bolesnika koji je u laparoskopskim zahvatima važan za adekvatan operacijski pristup,
bolju vizualizaciju i lakšu manipulaciju kirurškim instrumentima. Trendelenburgov položaj može
uzrokovati prekomjerno opterećenje srca, poteškoće u disanju i mogućnost stvaranja plinskih
embolija, dok obrnuti Trendelenburgov položaj, iako smanjuje opterećenje srca i povećava disajni
volumen, zbog venske staze nosi rizik nastanka duboke venske tromboze (DVT, od engl. deep vein
thrombosis). Stoga se praćenje hemodinamike, prilagođavanje ventilacije i održavanje stabilnih
plinskih parametara smatraju ključnima tijekom laparoskopskih zahvata. Poznavanje
karakteristika laparoskopije te razumijevanje navedenih patofizioloških promjena omogućuje anesteziologu da pruži najbolju skrb pacijentu, osigura uspješan tijek operacije te brzi oporavak
bolesnika nakon zahvata.
Abstract (english) Laparoscopic surgery is a minimally invasive technique that is increasingly performed
today. By using specialized instruments, it enables surgeries to be performed with smaller
incisions, resulting in a less traumatic procedure and faster patient recovery. Anesthesia in
laparoscopic surgery has its own specificities and requires a special approach. The main goal of
anesthesia in laparoscopy is to maintain adequate levels of anesthesia, muscle relaxation,
ventilation, and hemodynamic stability during the procedure. Various anesthetic agents and
techniques are used to achieve these goals. General anesthesia with endotracheal intubation of the
patient is commonly used. However, regional anesthesia is increasingly applied as an alternative.
Specific muscle relaxants are also used to achieve adequate relaxation of the abdominal muscles,
facilitating surgical access and reducing the risk of injury. One of the particularities of laparoscopy
resulting from carbon dioxide (CO2) pneumoperitoneum (PNP) is increased intraabdominal
pressure (IAP), which can cause pathophysiological changes in the respiratory and cardiovascular
systems. These changes can also be caused by patient's position which is important for proper
surgical access, improved visualization, and easier manipulation of surgical instruments. The
Trendelenburg position can cause excessive cardiac load, breathing difficulties, and the potential
for gas embolism, while the reverse Trendelenburg position, although reducing cardiac load and increasing tidal volume, carries the risk of venous stasis and deep vein thrombosis (DVT).
Therefore, monitoring hemodynamics, adjusting ventilation, and maintaining stable gas
parameters are considered crucial during laparoscopic procedures. Understanding the
characteristics of laparoscopy and the mentioned pathophysiological changes enable the
anesthesiologist to provide optimal care to the patient, ensure a successful surgical procedure and
rapid patient recovery after the surgery.
Keywords
endotrahealna intubacija
laparoskopska operacija
mišićna relaksacija
Trendelenburgov položaj
Keywords (english)
endotracheal intubation
laparoscopic surgery
muscle relaxation
Trendelenburg position
Language croatian
URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:184:227266
Study programme Title: Medicine Study programme type: university Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
Type of resource Text
File origin Born digital
Access conditions Open access
Terms of use
Created on 2023-07-10 18:46:51