Induction of labour (IOL) is a common medical procedure in obstetrics, with increasing prevalence worldwide. This rise is attributed to changes in the population of pregnant women, inconsistent guidelines, and the growing use of elective inductions. Although the mechanisms of labour initiation are not fully understood, it is believed that physiological and hormonal signals from the mature fetus play a crucial role, stimulating inflammatory processes and uterine contractions. Indications for induction include post-term pregnancy, hypertension, preeclampsia, diabetes, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), and intrauterine fetal demise. A critical step in the induction process is a proper pre-induction assessment, which involves evaluating the fetal and maternal condition as well as cervical maturity using the Bishop score. If the cervix is immature, pre-induction methods such as prostaglandin application and mechanical methods (osmotic dilators, balloon catheters) can assist in cervical ripening. Once the cervix is mature, induction is often carried out using oxytocin or amniotomy. The choice of method depends on specific circumstances and the condition of the pregnant woman. Oxytocin is fast-acting but may increase the risk of cesarean delivery and uterine hyperstimulation. Prostaglandins, such as dinoprostone and misoprostol, are effective in cervical ripening, while mechanical methods like Foley catheters and osmotic dilators offer safer alternatives with a lower risk of complications. Key complications include tachysystole and potential fetal heart rate abnormalities, particularly with the use of prostaglandins and oxytocin.