| Abstract | Cilj: Utvrditi postoji li značajna razlika u prekomjernoj uhranjenosti učenica trećih razreda strukovne škole i gimnazije te ih povezati s formalnom razinom obrazovanja njihovih roditelja, kao socioekonomskim prediktorom njihove prekomjerne tjelesne mase i debljine. Ispitanici i metode rada: Presječnim istraživanjem obuhvaćeno je 68 učenica dviju zagrebačkih škola, jedne strukovne škole - Škole za medicinske sestre Mlinarska (N = 37) i jedne gimnazije - Klasične gimnazije (N = 31). Prosječna dob učenica je 17,1 godina. Dobrovoljnim anonimnim upitnikom prikupljeni su osobni podaci učenica te podaci o socioekonomskim čimbenicima. Provedena su antropometrijska mjerenja: tjelesna masa i tjelesna visina te opseg struka. Ispitanicama je izmjerena tjelesna masa pomoću standardne digitalne Seca vaga s preciznošću ± 0,1 kg i visina pomoću visinomjera u sklopu medicinske digitalne Seca vage, preciznosti ± 0,5 cm. Analiza podataka učinjena je uporabom programske podrške SPSS, koristeći Studentov t-test i Pearsonov test korelacije. Rezultati: Procjena uhranjenosti učenica trećih razreda obje ispitivane škole pokazuje pothranjenost u 8,8% učenica, normalnu uhranjenost u 39,7%, prekomjernu uhranjenost u 22,1% te debljinu u 29,4%. Utvrđeno je da učenice iz gimnazije imaju u prosjeku gotovo 6 kilograma manje od svojih vršnjakinja iz strukovne škole, što je dosegnulo statističku značajnost (58,60kg prema 65,79kg; p = 0,047). Učenice gimnazije statistički su značajno niže srednje vrijednosti indeksa tjelesne mase u odnosu na učenice strukovne škole (21,28 kg/m2 prema 23,9 kg/m2 ; p = 0,033). I očevi i majke učenica Klasične gimnazije značajno su višeg formalnog obrazovanja od roditelja učenica Škole za medicinske sestre Mlinarska (p < 0,001). Analiza povezanosti razine formalnog obrazovanja majki i očeva s indeksom tjelesne mase njihovih kćeri pokazuje da je viši indeks tjelesne mase statistički značajno povezan s nižom razinom formalnog obrazovanja oba roditelja, izraženije s formalnim obrazovanjem njihovih očeva (p = 0,010) nego majki (p = 0,043). Zaključak: Indeks tjelesne mase značajno je viši u učenica Škole za medicinske sestre Mlinarska u usporedbi s učenicama Klasične gimnazije, a nađena je značajna povezanost s nižom razinom formalnog obrazovanja oba roditelja, naročito očeva. |
| Abstract (english) | Aim: To determine whether there are significant differences in the nutritional status of third grade female students of a vocational school and a grammar school and connect them to the level of formal education of their parents as a socioeconomic predictor of overweight and obesity among them. Subjects and methods: A total of 68 students from two Zagreb schools, one vocational school for nurses Mlinarska (N=37) and one grammar school (classical grammar school (N=31) took part in this cross sectional research. The students’ mean age was 17.1. Using a voluntary questionnaire personal data on students were collected including data on socioeconomic factors. Anthropometric measurements of the students were conducted: body mass and height and waist circumference. The respondents’ body mass was measured using a standard Seca digital scales with a precision of ± 0.1 kg and height using a meter within the Seca scales set with a precision of ± 0.5 cm. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS software using the Student t-test and the Pearson’s correlation test. Results: The assessment of the nutritional status of the third grades of both schools shows malnutrition in 8.8% of students, normal nutrition in 39.7% of students, overnutrition in 22.1% of students and obesity in 29.4% of students. It has been determined that grammar school students weigh on average almost 6 kilo less than their peers attending vocational school which reached statistical significance (58.60 kilo in comparison to 65.79 kilo; p=0.047). Grammar school students show statistically lower mean body mass index values compared to vocational school students (21.28 kg/m2 compared to 23.9 kg/m2; p=0.033). Fathers and mothers of grammar school students have a significantly higher formal education level than parents of students attending the vocational school for nurses Mlinarska (p<0.001). The analysis of association of the formal education level of mothers and fathers with the body mass index of their daughters shows that a higher body mass index is statistically significantly related to a lower formal education in both parents, more significantly in fathers (p=0.010) than in mothers (p=0.043). Conclusion: Body mass index is significantly higher in students attending the School for nurses Mlinarska compared to students attending classical grammar school, significant association with lower formal education level of both parents has been found, particularly in fathers. |
