The aim of this study is to describe the etiology, clinical presentation, radiographic diagnostics and surgical treatment options of congenital anomalies of the chest wall with special emphasis on contemporary surgical procedures by minimally invasive method. Congenital anomalies of the thorax include cleft sternum, funnel chest, pigeon chest, cervical rib, rib aplasia and Poland's Syndrome. Funnel chest is the most common congenital anomaly of the chest wall occurring in 1:400 to 1:1000 newborns. This anomaly is the result of the backward displacement of the sternum, usually the xiphoid process, towards the spine, although the manubrium can sometimes be affected by the deformation as well. Surgical procedure, which may be done by the Sulamii method or by the minimally invasive Nuss method, can be indicated in excessive expression of cardiovascular and respiratory symptoms, or due to psychological, social and cosmetic problems caused by such an anomaly. This is seen most prominently in the adolescent age group where profound growth occurs, with worsening of the deformity. By introducing the minimally invasive Nuss procedure, implemented at the Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Clinical Hospital Zagreb since 2001, classical surgical techniques have since become a part of the past.