The paper analyses the cholecystectomies performed in the emergency room of the University hospital center of Zagreb in a two-year period (2013/2014). The comparison was made between the number of laparoscopic and open cholecystectomies, the frequency of complications in each of the methods, and also between the frequency and the reasons for the conversion from laparoscopic to open method. ----- A total of 124 patients were operated. The open cholecystectomy was done in 38 (30,65%) cases, and the laparoscopic cholecystectomy was done in 86 (69,35%) cases. In the open cholecystectomy patient group there was 1 (2,63%) case of intraoperative complications, and in the laparoscopy patient group there were no intraoperative complications. There was no record of intraoperative mortality in either group. In the open cholecystectomy patient group there were 14 (36,84%) cases of postoperative complication(s), and the postoperative mortality in this group was 7,89% (3 patients). In the laparoscopic cholecystectomy group there were 10 (13,16%) cases of postoperative complication(s), and the postoperative mortality in this group was 1,32% (1 patient). Only patients whose operation was finished laparoscopically were taken into consideration in the laparoscopic cholecystectomy group. In the total of 7 (8,14%) operations, the operation was converted from laparoscopic to open method. In the converted patient group, there were no intraoperative complications, and no intraoperative mortality. There was 1 case of postoperative complication(s), which resulted in the patient’s death. ----- The analysis and comparison of the both groups’ results suggests a better postoperative course and a lower postoperative mortality in the group operated by the laparoscopic approach, which leads to a conclusion of the advantage of the laparoscopic approach in relation to the open method.