Title Sindrom posturalne ostostatske tahikardije
Title (english) Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome
Author Luka Crnošija
Mentor Mario Habek (mentor)
Committee member Zdravka Poljaković (predsjednik povjerenstva)
Committee member Darija Mahović Lakušić (član povjerenstva)
Committee member Mario Habek (član povjerenstva)
Granter University of Zagreb School of Medicine (Department of Neurology) Zagreb
Defense date and country 2014-07-15, Croatia
Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE Clinical Medical Sciences Neurology
Abstract Ortostatska intolerancija se može opisati kao nemogućnost toleriranja uspravnog stava uz olakšanje simptoma nakon zauzimanja ležećeg položaja. Sindrom posturalne ortostatske tahikardije (POTS) je oblik ortostatske intoleracije definiran kao kontinuiran porast srčane frekvencije za ≥30 otkucaja u minuti ili kao porast frekvencije na vrijednost od ≥120 otkucaja u minuti unutar 10 minuta od početka stajanja ili head-up tilt testa uz pojavu simptoma ortostatske intolerancije i odsutnost ortostatske hipotenzije. Pacijenti kojima je dijagnosticiran POTS su uglavnom žene, s omjerom žena prema muškarcima 4-5:1, te starosti između 15 i 50 godina. Nekoliko patofizioloških mehanizama je moguće uključeno u razvoj POTS-a. Neki od njih su: distalna periferna neuropatija, poremećaji centralne kontrole simpatičkog živčanog sustava, oštećenje sinaptičkih mehanizama ponovnog unosa norepinefrina, poremećaji renin-angiotenzin-aldosteron osovine, promjene u sintetičkom putu norepinefrina. Najčešći simptomi povezani s POTS-om su omamljenost, presinkopa, slabost i palpitacije. Pogoršanje simptoma sa stajanjem i olakšanje nakon zauzimanja ležećeg položaja je karakteristično obilježje POTS-a. Pri postavljanju dijagnoze koriste se aktivni test stajanja i pasivni head-up tilt test, zajedno s detaljnom povijesti bolesti i kliničkim pregledom. Nefarmakoterapijski pristup liječenju POTS-a podrazumijeva povećan unos soli i vode te vježbanje. Farmakoterapija je usmjerena prema povećanju volumena tekućine, povećanju periferne vakularne rezistencije i smanjenju centralne aktivnosti simpatičkog živčanog sustava. Velik broj pacijenata iskusi znatno poboljšanje nakon točno postavljene dijagnoze i pravilnog liječenja.
Abstract (english) Orthostatic intolerance(OI) can be defined as inability to tolerate upright posture relieved with recumbence. Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome(POTS) is a form of orthostatic intolerance defined as sustained increase in heart rate(HR) of ≥30 bpm or increase of HR to ≥120 bpm within 10 min of standing or head-up tilt associated with symptoms of orthostatic intolerance and absence of orthostatic hypotension. POTS patients are mostly female, with female to male ratio of 4-5:1, and age range from 15 to 50. Several pathophysiological mechanisms are thought to underly POTS. Some of possible mechanisms are distal peripheral neuropathy, abnormalities of central control of sympathetic nervous system, impaired synaptic norepinephrine (NE) reuptake, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis disturbance and altered NE synthetic pathway. The most common symptoms related to POTS are light-headedness, presyncope, weakness and palpitations. Exacerbation of symptoms with standing and symptoms relieved with recumbence is characteristical POTS feature. Active stand test and passive head-up tilt table (HUT) test are used in diagnosing POTS, along with detailed history and examination. Non-pharmacological therapy of POTS includes increase in daily salt and water intake, and exercise training. Pharmacological therapy is directed at expanding fluid volume, increasing peripheral vascular resistance and reducing central sympathetic activity. Majority of patients experience substantial improvement, after correct diagnosis and suitable therapy.
Keywords
ortostatska intolerancija
sindrom posturalne ortostatske tahikardije
patofiziologija
neuropatski POTS
hiperadrenergički POTS
dijagnostika
terapija
Keywords (english)
orthostatic intolerance
postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome
pathophysiology
neuropathic POTS
hyperadrenergic POTS
diagnostics
therapy
Language english
URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:105:925009
Study programme Title: Medicine Study programme type: university Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
Type of resource Text
File origin Born digital
Access conditions Open access
Terms of use
Public note Diplomski rad napravljen na osnovi članka: Crnošija, L., Adamec, I., Mišmaš, A., Habek, M. Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (2012) Neurologia Croatica, 61 (3-4), 53-61.
Created on 2015-10-20 15:52:43