Special conditions in hypertension are those that require a special approach to treatment because of the specific pathophysiology. According to the ESH/ESC guidelines for treatment of hypertension from 2013. there are 19 such conditions : white coat hypertension, masked hypertension, older people, young people, women, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, nephropathy, cerebrovascular diseases, heart diseases, atherosclerosis and arterial diseases, sexual dysfunction, resistant hypertension, hypertensive emergencies or urgencies, malignant hypertension, perioperative management of hypertension, obstructive sleep apnea, renovascular hypertension, primary aldosteronism. The most important task is to properly measure the blood pressure, and nowdays with office blood pressure measurement, ambulatory and home blood pressure measurement are important as well. When diagnosing hypertension basic laboratory tests (including blood tests and urine analysis) and electrocardiogram are done primarily. It is important to assess whether the organ damage caused by hypertension is existing and to asses all cardiovascular risk factors present in the patient. In the case of diagnosis of hypertension most patients are prescribed with lifestyle changes and pharmacological therapy. Among the most important lifestyle changes is a decrease in body weight and regular exercise. Five groups of antihypertensive drugs are equal in use: diuretics, beta - blockers, calcium channel blockers, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor antagonists. Therapy should be based on recommendations arising from large randomized controlled trials and it should be individualized, taking into account all patients' comorbidities. This is particularly true for the treatment of hypertension in special conditions.