Pregnancy is a hypercoagulable state that leads to an increased frequency of thromboembolism. Thromboembolic disorders are a serious problem in pregnancy because they can lead to various dangerous conditions, and eventually to the death of the mother. The highest risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a previous occurrence of VTE and inherited or acquired thrombophilia. Venous thromboembolism occurs most frequent in two forms: as deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE). Recognizing VTE symptoms during pregnancy can be difficult because of the overlap of the symptoms with the symptoms of pregnancy itself. In the diagnostics of VTE laboratory findings, ultrasound and various imaging methods are used. Anticoagulant therapy is indicated for prophylaxis and treatment of VTE, for prophylaxis and treatment of VTE in women with hereditary thrombophilies, in preventing and treating pregnancy complications in women with thrombophilia and in other conditions with increased risk of VTE. Although not ideal because of their side effects and the way they are administered, heparins are the choice for anticoagulant therapy during pregnancy. Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) proved to be the best choice of therapy due to uncommon hemorrhagic episodes, more predictable therapeutic response and a lower risk of heparin induced thrombocytopenia and osteoporosis. Low molecular weight heparins can be administered in standard doses or in doses adjusted to body weight to achieve the desired therapeutic effect.