Title Magnetna rezonancija spinalnog kanala
Title (english) Magnetic resonance imaging of the spinal canal
Author Ivan Didović
Mentor Zvonimir Sučić (mentor)
Committee member Zoran Brnić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
Committee member Milan Radoš (član povjerenstva)
Committee member Zvonimir Sučić (član povjerenstva)
Granter University of Zagreb School of Medicine (Department of Radiology) Zagreb
Defense date and country 2019-07-12, Croatia
Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE Clinical Medical Sciences Radiology
Abstract Magnetna rezonancija radiološka je metoda u kojoj dolazi do interakcije spinskih
magnetnih momenata jezgara vodika u ljudskom tijelu i magnetnog polja uređaja za snimanje
MR-om. Različita tkiva postavljena u magnetno polje imaju različita vremena relaksacije T1 i
T2. Ta spoznaja koristi se za dobivanje kontrasta prilikom oslikavanja MR-om. Parametri koje
možemo mijenjati radi dobivanja boljeg kontrasta prilikom snimanja su vrijeme ponavljanja
(TR) i vrijeme prijema signala (TE). Mjerene sekvencije koje se koriste u oslikavanju spinalnog
kanala MR-om su: T1, T2, fluid-sensitive sekvencije (STIR i fat-suppressed T2), GE sekvencija
i oslikavanje uz pomoć gadolinija. Unutar spinalnog kanala smješteni su: kralježnična moždina,
ovojnice kralježnične moždine, moždinski živci i krvne žile kralježnične moždine. Patološke
promjene unutar spinalnog kanala mogu se podijeliti na: razvojne anomalije u području
spinalnog kanala, degenerativne promjene, traumatske ozljede, upalne promjene, krvožilne
promjene i tumore spinalnog kanala. Razvojne anomalije mogu biti otvorene i zatvorene, ovisno
o tome je li prisutan razdor kože. Degenerativne promjene zahvaćaju područje intervertebralnog
diska i pripadajućih kralježaka. Posljedično, može doći do spondilolisteze i nastanka spinalne
stenoze. Prilikom traumatskih ozljeda kralježnice i kralježnične moždine dolazi do nastanka
edema i/ili krvarenja kralježnične moždine. Nalaz MR-a omogućuje praćenje stanja i prognozu
oporavka tih pacijenata. Spondilodiscitis je najčešća upalna promjena spinalnog kanala, a
očituje se bolovima u leđima, vrućicom koja može, ali i ne mora biti prisutna te senzomotornim
ispadima. Od krvožilnih promjena najčešće su spinalne duralne arteriovenske fistule. Tumori u
području spinalnog kanala mogu biti intramedularni, intraduralni-ekstramedularni ili
ekstraduralni. MR je komplementarna metoda drugim radiološkim metodama u procjeni tih
patoloških stanja.
Abstract (english) Magnetic resonance is a radiologic method characterized by an interaction between
spin magnetic moments of the hydrogen nuclei in human body and the magnetic field of the
instrument for MR scanning. When inside a magnetic field, different tissues have different
relaxation times T1 and T2. This knowledge is used to obtain contrast in MR imaging.
Parameters that can be changed in order to achieve better contrast during scanning are repetition
time (TR) and time to echo (TE). Measured sequences which are used in MRI of the spinal
canal are: T1, T2, fluid-sensitive sequences (STIR and fat-suppressed T2), GE sequence and
gadolinium-enhanced imaging. Within the spinal canal are located: spinal cord, spinal cord
envelopes, spinal nerves and blood vessels of the spinal cord. Pathologic changes inside the
spinal canal can be classified as: developmental anomalies in the spinal canal, degenerative
changes, traumatic injuries, inflammatory changes, vascular changes and tumors of the spinal
canal. Developmental anomalies can be open or closed, depending on skin rupture presence.
Degenerative changes affect the area of the intervertebral disk and related vertebra.
Consequently, spondylolisthesis and spinal stenosis may occur. During traumatic injuries of the
spine and the spinal cord occurs edema and/or blooding of the spinal cord. The MR findings
make it possible to monitor the condition and to provide the recovery prognosis.
Spondylodiscitis is the most common inflammatory change of the spinal canal. It is manifested
as back pains, fever that may or may not be present, and sensory-motor deficits. The most
common vascular changes of the spinal canal are spinal dural arteriovenous fistulae. Spinal
canal tumors can be intramedullary, intradural - extramedullary or extradural. MR is a method
complementary to other radiologic methods in the assessment of those pathological conditions.
Keywords
magnetna rezonancija
spinalni kanal
razvojne anomalije
degenerativne promjene
traumatske ozljede
upalne promjene
krvožilne promjene
tumori spinalnog kanala
Keywords (english)
magnetic resonance
spinal canal
developmental anomalies
degenerative changes
traumatic injuries
inflammatory changes
vascular changes
spinal canal tumors
Language croatian
URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:105:774348
Study programme Title: Medicine Study programme type: university Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
Type of resource Text
File origin Born digital
Access conditions Open access
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Created on 2020-02-24 15:20:15