Aortic aneurysm is an enlargement of the aortic lumen. In the general population, it mostly affects older men. The most reliable indicators for the development of this disease are age and genetics mixed together with inadequate life habits. The aneurysm can be located on the ascending part, the arch and the descending part of the aorta. The methods of modern medicine that are most useful in detecting, assessing and monitoring this disorder are X-rays, a method that uses the ionizing portion of the electromagnetic spectrum to give us a window into a condition within the body that the naked eye cannot see. Ultrasound uses very high frequencies of sound waves that are inaudible to the human ear in order to be able to quickly and safely examine the aneurysm, get a better insight into its boundaries and the immediate environment. This method’s problem is the pronounced subjectivity, which at the moment is preventing it from becoming the gold standard in the analysis of patients with this disorder. Computed tomography is a method that relies heavily on X-ray technology, which it combines with the power of a computer processing to produce a three-dimensional representation of the human body. Magnetic resonance imaging is a method that does not use ionizing radiation but allows us a better view of soft tissues because it records the signal of hydrogen atoms that are attached to water or are part of adipose tissue. Angiography is a method that introduces radioactive dyes into the body which can be monitored with various imaging methods, from X-rays to magnets. An aneurysm can be treated with drugs that regulate blood pressure and cholesterol. Surgical treatment is approached by open or endovascular surgery. After the operation, the patients are followed-up by computed tomography and ultrasound.