| Abstract | Cilj ovog rada je istražiti učinke prijave profesionalne bolesti na radni status ispitanika, te procijeniti efikasnost
postojećih mjera tercijarne prevencije profesionalnih bolesti, tj. mjera koje poduzimamo kod radnika s potpuno
razvijenim zdravstvenim poremećajem, s naglaskom na mjere za održavanje radne sposobnosti oboljelih
radnika.
Za ovu studiju su kao ispitanici izdvojeni svi bolesnici (N= 147) kod kojih je dijagnosticirana profesionalna bolest
u ambulanti medicine rada i sporta Medicine rada Instituta za medicinska istraživanja i medicinu rada d.o.o. u
razdoblju 2005.-2014. godine, a u istraživanje je uključeno 95 ispitanika koji su potpisali informirani pristanak.
Istraživanje je uključivalo pregled arhiviranih podataka u kartoteci ambulante i telefonsku anketu kojom su
prikupljeni podatci o radnom statusu bolesnika nakon dijagnosticiranja profesionalne bolesti.
Najčešće dijagnosticirana profesionalna bolest bio je sindrom karpalnog kanala. Uz tekstilne radnike - šivače,
ova bolest je najčešće utvrđena na radnim mjestima s uredskim poslovima koji uključuju rad na računalu. Kod
59 (62%) ispitanika došlo je do promjene radnog statusa nakon dijagnosticiranja profesionalne bolesti. Nakon
priznavanja profesionalne bolesti 36 (38%) ispitanika ostalo je zaposleno, 12 (13%) ih je bilo nezaposleno, a 47
(49%) ih je otišlo u mirovinu. Kod istog poslodavca ostalo je radili 28 (78%) ispitanika, od toga njih 7 uz
promjenu radnog mjesta, a kod drugog poslodavca zaposlilo se 8 (22%) ispitanika, od toga 4 uz prekvalifikaciju.
Najčešće uzroci nezaposlenosti ispitanika bili su otkaz kod 10 (83%) ispitanika i zatvaranje poduzeća u 2 (17%)
ispitanika. Postupcima profesionalne rehabilitacije bilo je obuhvaćeno 5 (5%) ispitanika. Najveći broj
umirovljenih ispitanika otišao je u invalidsku mirovinu, njih 35 (74%). Udio nezaposlenih ispitanika nakon
dijagnosticiranja profesionalne bolesti je bio značajno veći u razdoblju 2010.-2014. g. u odnosu na razdoblje
2005.-2009.g. (21% vs 6%, p= 0,033; Fisher exact test).
Rezultati upućuju na neadekvatno zbrinjavanje radnika s profesionalnim bolestima u Hrvatskoj, s trendom sve
češćeg otpuštanja radnika sa dijagnosticiranom profesionalnom bolesti u Hrvatskoj u razdoblju od 2000. godine
do danas, bez zbrinjavanja oboljelih radnika od strane poslodavaca i nadležnih institucija postupcima
profesionalne rehabilitacije. Stoga je nužno osnaživanje mjera prevencije profesionalnih bolesti u Hrvatskoj s
ciljem što dužeg održavanja radne sposobnosti zdravog radnika u zdravim uvjetima rada. |
| Abstract (english) | The aim of this study is to analyse the effects of diagnosed occupational diseases on the employment status of
the respondents and to evaluate the effectiveness of existing measures of tertiary prevention of occupational
diseases, i.e. measures taken by workers with fully developed health disorders, with emphasis on measures to
maintain the work ability of the affected workers.
All patients (N=147) who were diagnosed with occupational disease in the period from 2005 to 2014 in the
outpatient clinic for occupational medicine of the Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health were
singled out for the study. The survey finally included 95 respondents who signed informed consent. The survey
included an overview of archived data and a telephone survey that compiled data on the employment status of
patients after diagnosing occupational disease.
Results have shown that carpal tunnel syndrome was the most common occupational disease, and the most
common workplace where it occurs, besides the position of textile workers and tailors, is officework that
includes work with computer. Employment status after the recognition of occupational diseases has changed in
59 (62%) respondents. After the recognition of occupational disease 36 (38%) respondents remained
employed, 12 (13%) were unemployed, and 47 (49%) were retired. Twentyeight (78%) employed respondents
remained working for the same employer, and 7 of them have changed their workplace. Eight (22%)
respondents found job with another employer, and 4 of them were retrained. The causes of unemployment were
getting people fired (10, i.e. 83% of respondents), and closing down the business (2, i.e.17% of respondents).
Professional rehabilitation procedures included 5 (5%) respondents. The highest number of retired respondents
went to a disability pension (35, i.e.74%). The share of unemployed respondents after diagnosing occupational
diseases was significantly higher in the period 2010-2014, compared to period 2005-2009 (21% vs. 6%, p =
0.033; Fisher exact test).
The results point out the inadequate care for workers with occupational diseases in Croatia, with the trend of
more frequent dismissal of workers with diagnosed occupational disease in Croatia in the period from 2000 to
present, without the management of diseased workers by employers and competent institutions through
professional rehabilitation procedures. Therefore, it is necessary to strengt the measures of prevention of
occupational diseases in Croatia in order to keep the working ability of a healthy working conditions as long as
possible. |
