Emergency contraception is a method of contraception used after sexual intercourse. It is used in case of unprotected sexual intercourse, in case of improper use or accident with an already existing method of contraception (condom slippage/rupture, diaphragm displacement, forgotten oral contraception) or in the case of sexual abuse. This method of contraception has been proven to be very effective in preventing unwanted and unplanned pregnancies that are still present in large number in today’s world and mainly end in abortion. The Yuzpe method is the first developed method of emergency oral contraception. Today, in most countries, it has been replaced by more effective methods that have less frequent and milder side effects. These methods include levonorgestrel emergency contraception pill and ulipristal acetate emergency contraception pill. The main mechanism of action of emergency contraception pills is delay of ovulation. If ovulation has already occurred, the methods are not effective and have no effect on an existing pregnancy. With the introduction of emergency contraception pill, many myths and misconceptions related to it have emerged. One of the leading myths is that emergency contraception pill is the same as the abortive pill, which the very mode of action of emergency oral contraception refutes. Women believe that after the use of emergency oral contraception, they do not have to be additionally protected until the end of the menstrual cycle, and that emergency contraception pill is effective in 100% of cases. They also believe that emergency oral contraception has long-lasting consequences and causes infertility. They believe that their acute side effects are very severe in the form of nausea and vomiting. One of the misconceptions is that emergency oral contraception is dispensed on prescription in all countries of the world. They also believe that emergency oral contraception is ineffective in obese women. All these myths have been countered by scientific facts and evidence. The media play a major role in spreading similar misconceptions.