Title (croatian) Smjernice za farmakološko liječenje epilepsije
Title (english) Guidelines for pharmacological treatment of epilepsy
Author Silvio Bašić
Author Željka Petelin Gadže
Author Igor Prpić
Author Zdravka Poljaković
Author Maša Malenica
Author Romana Gjergja Jureški
Author Ivana Marković
Author Ivana Šušak Sporiš
Author Jelena Šarić Jurić
Author's institution University of Zagreb School of Medicine (Department of Anatomy and Clinical Anatomy)
Author's institution University of Zagreb School of Medicine (Department of Neurology)
Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE Clinical Medical Sciences Neurology
Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE Basic Medical Sciences Anatomy
Abstract (croatian) Međunarodne smjernice za farmakološko liječenje epilepsija općenite su, sveobuhvatne i ne prepoznaju lokalne specifičnosti poput ekonomskih i tehničkih mogućnosti u pojedinim državama, dostupnosti pojedinih antiepileptika ili drugih metoda liječenja i slično. Stoga se nameće potreba izrade nacionalnih smjernica, čiji su zapravo temelj međunarodne smjernice Internacionalne lige protiv epilepsije. Hrvatske smjernice za farmakološko liječenje epilepsija plod su suradnje svih relevantnih stručnih društava i referentnih centara u RH, na čelu s Hrvatskom ligom protiv epilepsije te Hrvatskim neurološkim društvom i Hrvatskim društvom za dječju neurologiju Hrvatskoga liječničkog zbora, a odražavaju aktualne socioekonomske i regulatorne specifičnosti u našoj zemlji, najnovije spoznaje farmakoloških profila i učinkovitosti pojedinih antiepileptika kao i ekspertna mišljenja. Antiepileptička terapija se uvodi nakon postavljanja dijagnoze epilepsije, stoga profilaktička primjena nije opravdana. Nakon postavljanja dijagnoze potrebno je bolesnika informirati o prognozi bolesti, mogućnostima liječenja i samopomoći, životnim ograničenjima te mogućim neželjenim događajima. Ciljevi farmakoterapije epilepsija su potpuna kontrola napada uz izbjegavanje nuspojava te održavanje ili poboljšanje kvalitete života. Zlatni standard liječenja je monoterapija odnosno primjena adekvatnog antiepileptika u adekvatnoj dozi. Izbor i titracija lijeka su individualni, a temelje se na smjernicama za liječenje pojedinih vrsta napada, karakteristikama bolesnika i regulatorno specifičnim čimbenicima. Nakon neuspjeha inicijalne monoterapije, potrebna je reevalucija anamnestičkih i dijagnostičkih podataka te potom postupna i spora zamjena antiepileptika. Racionalna politerapija podrazumijeva kombinaciju dvaju antiepileptika različitih mehanizama djelovanja, prvog ili eventualno drugog izbora za postavljenju dijagnozu, niskoga interakcijskog
potencijala, različitog profila nuspojava i sinergističkog ili aditivnog djelovanja. Zamjena generičkih ili originalnog i generičkog oblika lijeka nije preporučljiva, a poglavito nakon postizanja remisije ili prilikom uzimanja visokih doza lijeka. Ukidanje antiepileptičke terapije treba biti postupno i sporo, u slučaju politerapije jedan po jedan lijek, a u donošenju odluke o ukidanju, kao i o uvođenju antiepileptika, mora biti uključen bolesnik i njegova obitelj.
Abstract (english) Epilepsy is the only chronic neurological disease that can be fully controlled by drugs or introduced into permanent remission. Nonetheless, pharmacological treatment of epilepsy is often accompanied by a range of diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Due to a wide variety of available antiepileptics, the selection of the first antiepileptic, as well as the combination of polytherapy, is extremely large. The choice of the ideal antiepileptic is individual and depends on a variety of factors based on the pharmacological properties of the drug and the disctinctiveness of every patient (type of seizure, age,sex, profession, comorbidity, co-medication, etc.) with specific regulatory limitations (availability,price, indications of regulatory bodies). The basics of rational pharmacotherapy include slow titration of antiepileptics in monotherapy to satisfactory effect, slow drug replacement in the event of failure of the first antiepileptic, combination of two antiepileptics of different mechanism of action or selection of synergistic combinations if dual therapy is necessary, avoiding three or multiple polyterapies whenever possible, and slow reduction of antiepileptic drug after achieving a long lasting remission.Current ILAE guidelines for epilepsy treatment imply basic and comprehensive recommendations that are acceptable worldwide, including countries with the lowest economic standard. Therefore, these guidelines do not reflect the ideal treatment options, especially in developed countries, and are actually the basis for making national guidelines. The Croatian guidelines for pharmacological treatment of epilepsy are the product of the co-operation of all relevant professional societies and reference centers in the Republic of Croatia, headed by the Croatian League
Against Epilepsy and the Croatian Neurological Society. These guidelines reflect the current socioeconomic specificities in our country,the latest knowledge of pharmacological profiles, and efficacy of certain antiepileptics as well as expert opinions.
Keywords (croatian)
EPILEPSIJA – farmakoterapija
ANTIEPILEPTICI – farmakologija, terapijska uporaba
KOMBINIRANA FARMAKOTERAPIJA
GENERALIZIRANA EPILEPSIJA – farmakoterapija
PARCIJALNA EPILEPSIJA – farmakoterapija
EPILEPSIJSKI SINDROMI – farmakoterapija
KONVULZIJE – farmakoterapija
SMJERNICE – standardi
HRVATSKA
Keywords (english)
EPILEPSY – drug therapy
ANTICONVULSANTS – administration and dosage, pharmacology, therapeutic use
DRUG THERAPY, COMBINATION
EPILEPSY, GENERALIZED – drug therapy
EPILEPSIES, PARTIAL – drug therapy
EPILEPTIC SYNDROMES – drug therapy
SEIZURES – drug therapy
PRACTICE GUIDELINES AS TOPIC – standards
CROATIA
Language croatian
Language english
Publication type Professional paper - Professional paper
Publication status Published
Peer review Peer review
Publication version Published version
Journal title Liječnički vjesnik
Numbering vol. 143, no. 11-12, pp. 429-450
p-ISSN 0024-3477
e-ISSN 1849-2177
DOI https://doi.org/10.26800/LV-143-11-12-4
URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:105:686802
Publication 2021
Document URL https://hrcak.srce.hr/269398
Type of resource Text
Access conditions Open access
Terms of use
Created on 2022-01-27 12:29:40