During several last centuries, the pace of life is constantly getting faster and life span is getting longer and more stressful. Diet is unhealthy and statistics regarding obesity are catastrophic. Perpetual development of technology has lead to a situation in which most of the work is being done in front of a computer, sitting. Everything that was just stated is a risk factor for the development of degenerative cartilage disease. Treatment of these diseases is complex while therapy methods are either not effective enough in the long run or too invasive for a patient with mild disease. With the development of regenerative medicine, new perspectives concerning therapy methods have emerged because there is a big difference between tissue reparation and restoration. The goal of the treatment method should be hyaline cartilage restoration, as opposed to the reparation with fibrocartilage. There are numerous models of potential osteoarthritis, degenerative disc disease, and meniscus treatments that could be using mesenchymal stem cells in the future. Likewise, there are several methods for stem cell application being tested, such as stem cell scaffolds, injection of the cells in the joint and injection of the products of the stem cells via their exosomes. Stem cells can be used in therapy without any treatment with growth factors or cytokines, but many authors have experimented with the preparation of mesenchymal stem cells with different molecules. Besides stem cells, gene therapy has shown great potential for the treatment of degenerative cartilage diseases. There are quite a few ways of using gene therapy for these diseases. For instance, a portion of researchers uses adenoviruses, while other use recombinant adeno-associated viruses. Others use non-viral methods of gene transfer. The facts listed in this review are collected from scientific researches concerning gene therapy and stem cells. The scientific community agrees on the prosperity and theoretical possibilities of this area of research, but there is also a consensus that states that there is a further need for investigation and well-designed experiments and clinical trials.