Macula is a specialized area of retina which high density of photoreceptors and lack of blood vessels enable high visual acuity, respectively, an area on which ultimately falls the central ray of light after entering the eye. In accordance with its complexity the most insignificant pathological states can affect the central vision acuity, while degenerative changes on macula represent the world's main cause od blindness. Macular edema as the leading pathological entity represents enduring challenge in creating more effective and more safer therapy. Previous methods of non-steroid and corticosteroid use have overcome the topical application and have opened new opportunities in the form of intravitreal injections. Acetazolamid use has also found its place as a form of conservative type of therapy, while, at the other hand, surgical access provides an alternative or a therapy of choice in states associated with retina or vitreus injury. Laser photocoagulation is a metod which gives satisfactory results and represents a golden standard, primarily diabetic macular edema and diabetic retinopathy therapy. Recently, the use of anti-VEGF therapy showes outstanding results and her sandard use in combination with laser fhotocoagulation would represent the future of diabetic macular edema therapy.