Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a multifactorial disease in which the clot is formed in the deep veins of the limbs. The most significant complication of DVT is the development of pulmonary embolism (PE). These two entities are known by the common name as venous thromboembolism (VTE). Depending on the location of the thrombus, DVT is divided to proximal and distal DVT. Proximal DVT is considered much more dangerous because of the increased tendency of PE development. The incidence of DVT increases by age, while the remaining predisposing factors are male gender, surgical procedures, pregnancy, usage of hormonal contraception, malignancies, prolonged immobilization and many more. Typical clinical presentation includes red, painful, warm, and tender leg with the edema distally to the thrombus location. DVT can be complicated by the development of PE, chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) and postthrombotic syndrome (PTS). In the diagnosis of DVT, Wells' criteria is used for the assessment of DVT by which the patients are classified in three risk groups. The patients of low and moderate risk should undergo D-dimer testing, while the high risk patients should immediately undergo compression color Doppler ultrasound (CD US) investigation. When VTE is suspected, the risk is assessed by Wells' score for PE and Ddimer testing for determining further diagnostic algorithm. Computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) is the method of choice for PE diagnosis. Anticoagulant therapy is the most common mode of DVT treatment which goal is to reduce expansion of the thrombus and it's relapse. Besides the anticoagulation therapy, thrombolysis and inferior vena cava filter insertion should be considered. PE treatment depends on the patient's hemodynamic stability. Hemodynamic stable patient should be treated with anticoagulants, while hemodynamic unstable patient requires thrombolytic therapy.