Jaw fractures affect the quality of human life because of their influence on masticatory function, facial appearance, and accompanying social and psychological aspects. Analysing the epidemiology of maxillofacial fractures, the majority of the injured are younger people and males. There is a significant association between treatment timing and quality of fracture treatment. The primary goals in treating maxillofacial fractures are to establish and maintain normal occlusion and attain the preinjury mobility and function of the jaws and the preinjury facial contours. Jaw fractures can affect lower jaw only but if upper jaw is fractured the pattern usually involves other midface bones. The fractures of upper jaws are divided accodring to Le Fort in three levels. Each type of the fracture has typical clinical signs and also typical way of surgical treatment. Maxillofacial fractures are not easy to treat effectively and accurately and the process of treatment includes several aspects: medicamentous therapy, surgical interventions, imobilisation of fractured jaws, nutritional aspects and maintenance of oral hygiene. Postponed or inappropriate intervention may lead to the infection, malunion of osseous callus and soft tissue fibrosis, the occurrence of facial deformity, reduced mouth opening and even temporomandibular joint ankylosis. Understanding the specifity of the each aspect of the treatment is essential for good outcomes.