Globally, the appearance of Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) is associated with high mortality rates and spreading potential and thus presents a severe threat to public health. Due to limited therapeutic treatments, carbapenem-resistant types of bacteria present a huge therapeutic issue in hospitals. One of the most significant agents in the Enterobacteriaceae family is Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC), which first appeared in Croatia in 2011. In order to prevent the spread of these Enterobacteriaceae there is a list of precautions that are implemented. These include the rational application of antibiotics and early detection and identification of strains of bacteria in hospital laboratories in order to implement hospital infection control measures in a timely manner and prevent the spread of multi-resistant isolates. If it is proven that a strain of bacteria is carbapenemase-positive, a patient shall be placed in isolation and all contact isolation measures shall be conducted, including regular and proper hand hygiene, the use of preventative and personal protective equipment and maintenance of a clean hospital environment. Hand hygiene is considered to be a fundamental measure in prevention of a multi-resistant pathogen outbreak. These measures must be conducted throughout the entire period of admission of an infected or colonised patient to hospital. In addition, when discharged from hospital, patients must receive instructions on how to act within their communities in order to prevent possible multi-resistant isolate spreading in non-hospital environments. In addition to education about preventative measures, co-operation throughout the entirety of a healthcare institution is extremely important to prevent the spread of bacteria.