Postischemic inflammation is a significant contributor to ischemic injury development. The TLR2 receptor is one of its main mediators. The main aim of this thesis was to determine the effect of TLR2-mediated inflammation on apoptotic cell death in the ischemic environment. The effect of TLR2 was investigated on the ischemic injury model in animals with normal Tlr2 (CAG-luc) and those with knock-out Tlr2 gene (CAG-luc-Tlr2-/-). Both strains expressed the firefly luciferase transgene ubiquitously. The scope of apoptosis was determined by the utilization of bioluminescence imaging with caged Z-DEVD-aminoluciferin, which becomes available for the bioluminescence reaction after cleavage with activated caspase-3. Middle cerebral artery occlusion was performed to produce the ischemic injury. Its progression was followed with magnetic resonance imaging. Cell death was further confirmed using immunofluorescence with activated caspase-3, flow cytometry with annexin-V and the TUNEL assay. Functional outcomes were assessed using a neurological deficit test. Caged Z-DEVD-aminoluciferin was validated and assessed as an adequate tool for monitoring apoptosis. Longitudinal in vivo measurement of apoptosis is challenging and requires thorough validation and normalization. No total difference in apoptosis between the used strains was found. However, in the absence of the TLR2 receptor, a more pronounced mechanism of necrosis arose. In the acute period, CAG-luc-Tlr2-/- mice had better survival than CAG-luc mice. In the chronic period, there was no difference in survival between the strains. However, magnetic resonance imaging showed that CAG-luc-Tlr2-/- lost more ipsilateral hemisphere tissue than CAG-luc mice during the chronic period. Therefore, although lower levels of inflammation may be protective in the acute period post-stroke, long-term recovery is impaired.