Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant disease that develops in the nasopharynx and, due to its localization, diverse etiology and non-specific clinical picture, represents a significant challenge in diagnosis and treatment. The decision on treatment is made by a multidisciplinary team. Today, there are several therapeutic approaches in the treatment of nasopharyngeal cancer, and the choice of therapy depends on the stage of the disease, the patient's general health and other factors. NPC is highly sensitive to ionizing radiation, so radiotherapy today represents the main therapeutic choice in the treatment of early tumor stages, with an emphasis on intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), which has proven better survival, and local control of the disease with reduced toxic effects on surrounding tissues structures. When radiotherapy alone becomes insufficient in the treatment of advanced forms of cancer, other therapeutic methods are used, the most common of which is cisplatin-based chemotherapy. In locoregionally advanced disease, chemotherapy is applied alone before or after concomitant chemoradiotherapy. In the case of local recurrence, surgical treatment, brachytherapy or sterotaxic radiotherapy can also be considered in some patients. Metastatic disease is treated with chemotherapy. Furthermore, nasopharyngeal carcinoma shows a significant association with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), which greatly contributes to the development of newer therapeutic modalities with an emphasis on immunotherapy and molecular therapy.