Regional anesthesia is a specific technique of anesthesia that eliminates or eases the pain of a certain body part by inhibiting the transmission of nerve signals. It is used during surgical procedures, during childbirth and in the treatment of acute and chronic pain. Regional anesthesia achieves progress in medicine because complications of general anesthesia are avoided, especially in certain groups in the population, such as elderly patients or patients with numerous associated diseases. It is associated with reduced morbidity, mortality, better postoperative analgesia, shortens hospital stay and reduces treatment costs, enables faster recovery and return to daily activities of the individual, thus becoming one of the most used techniques in anesthesia. Conventional techniques such as marking landmarks on the skin, nerve stimulation or loss of resistance have their limitations such as variations in nerve anatomy and physiology. Ultrasound technology has brought a revolution in the field of regional anesthesia and is becoming the golden standard. It requires an extremely good knowledge of anatomy and the need for constant training of the doctor, and the advantages are direct visualization of the targeted nerve or plexus on the monitor, introduction and guidance of the needle with real-time monitoring, avoiding structures of sensitive anatomy and monitoring the spread of local anesthetic.